Gingivitis is caused by substances derived from microbial plaque accumulating at or near the gingival sulcus; all other suspected local and systemic etiologic factors either enhance plaque accumulation or retention, or enhance the susceptibility of the gingival tissue to microbial attack. Porphyromonasgingivalis (formerly Bacteroides gingivalis) is an anaerobic, asaccharolytic, gram-negative coccobacillus that is frequently a component of the flora of subgingival lesions of adult patients with periodontitis. The organism is often present in the oral cavities of periodontally healthy children and adolescents, but, because it occurs in densities below the detectable limit of anaerobic culturing (<1% of the total flora) it is not routinely recovered from such individuals. Hence sensitive and sophisticated methods of detection from the biological samples need to be employed. The genetic diversity of bacteria were analyzed based on RAPD analysis and ARDRA based fingerprinting. Based on the RAPD pattern all the bacteria are belonged to the different species or strains. PCR analysis of the 16S rDNA region also revealed that the strains are from the Gingavilis species. We carried out DNA fingerprinting profile using ARDRA, for the identification and classification of Gingavilis isolates. Traditional PCR was initially used for the detection of bacteria.
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