Table of Contents: Volume 16; Issue 12; December 2024

Aims: This study provides a high-level design and technical solution for comparing two PolicyPeriods in Guidewire PolicyCenter application and exposing the differences as a REST API service, The differences provide payloads containing diffItems and that can be sent to downstream system via KAFKA. It also addresses the Guidewire application Out-Of-The-Box limitation which is currently not offering this solution. This new solutioning framework is flexible, reusable, and scalable for various integrations in Guidewire InsuranceSuite products. Study Design: This study outlines the technical solution to address the limitations of Guidewire PolicyCenter’s OOTB Difftree functionality, and focusing on usability, Scalability , architectural design for exposing diffItems via REST APIs and KAFKA payloads. Place and Duration of Study: The analysis was performed between December 2023 and July 2024, based on real time project situations from an array of software development environments, project scenarios and feedback from customers. Methodology: The methodology laid out in this paper includes systematic approach to addressing the limitations of Guidewire PolicyCenter’s out-of-the-box Difftree functionality and outlines the technical solution designed to expose the Difftree functionality as a REST API Service and provide diffItemsJSON payloads through KAFKA messaging for downstream/external vendor systems. Results: The end results provide a sturdy, scalable, and high-performing framework for comparing PolicyPeriods, utilizing a REST API to provide diffItems and KAFKA to distribute payloads, this enhances the accessibility, usability, and efficiency of the Difftree functionality in Guidewire PolicyCenter, enabling seamless integration with external systems and addressing essential business needs. Conclusion: The study concludes that the Out-of-The-Box Difftree/DiffItems functionality in Guidewire PolicyCenter comes with significant limitations, such as being restricted to UI users, only comparing immediate predecessor PolicyPeriods,and being incapable of making the data usable by external systems or exposing the capability as a service. To overcome these challenges, a custom framework was developed that is flexible , scalable, and reusable.The proposed solution successfully exposes the Difftree functionalityas a REST API service to external systems with filtering capabilities and a KAFKA payload delivery mechanism that uses events to provide unfiltered diffItems to downstream systems.

The ichthyofauna, being all the fish of a watercourse, constitutes in particular a source of protein at reduced cost and of income for the riparian populations. However, human activities are becoming increasingly threatening to fish. The consequences of intensive catches, the use of chemical substances in agriculture, the destruction of forests and the introduction of new species of fish strongly disturb aquatic ecosystems and pose real threats of extinction to many species of fish. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of human activities on the fish species of the Makona River in the urban commune of Gueckédou and to propose corrective measures for an effective and sustainable management of resources. the following methodology was adopted: (1-Field survey, 2-Identification of wharves, 3-Inventory of human activities, 4-Inventory of ichthyofauna., 5- Identification of physical parameters, 6- Mapping of the study section of the river, 7- Evaluation of the impact of activities, 8- Proposals of corrective measures for sustainable management of resources. The freshwater ecosystems of Gueckédou are undergoing profound modifications by anthropogenic activities.

In order to improve scientific knowledge on this technology to promote its use, we conducted an experimental study of the metal pressure cooker insulated with kapok wool, a biodegradable plant fiber, to determine the energy performance. The equipment allows to finish cooking meals only thanks to the heat stored at the beginning of cooking and to keep the cooked dishes warm for long hours. The experiments carried out on energy savings when cooking some local dishes cooked only in water revealed about 70% savings in butane gas for cooking cowpea and white rice, 38% for cooking oily rice, 75% for pasta and couscous and 30% for cooking potato stew. The average cooking energy saving is around 39%. Finally, we completed these results with a technical, economic and environmental study that showed that a restaurant that adopted a pressure cooker had recouped its investment after only 7 months and made net profits of 131,818 CFA francs during the first year of use. If we consider all the restaurateurs in the city of Ouagadougou, the energy savings made would save approximately 12,691 hectares of forest/year and avoid importing nearly 2,824 tons of butane gas each year. These results demonstrate that this technology can help minimize energy consumption in the restaurant sector.

Background: The growing popularity of social media platforms has had a significant impact on many parts of society, including public administration. Social media has evolved into a strong instrument for communication, information sharing, and networking, with the potential to revolutionize the way public administration operates. However, there are significant drawbacks to using social media in this context, including cyber security threats and the possibility for misinformation and fake news. Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social media on public administration, including how social media platforms are used in this context, the benefits and challenges of using social media, and how public administrators can effectively manage the risks and opportunities associated with social media. Qualitative methodology with secondary data: This study will employ qualitative approaches to collect and analyze data from secondary sources such as scholarly papers, government reports, and case studies. The data will be evaluated thematically in order to uncover patterns and trends relevant to the study questions. Findings: This study's findings indicate that public administrators use social media platforms for a number of goals, including information dissemination, feedback collection, and citizen engagement. Additionally, embracing social media offers various advantages, including enhanced transparency and accountability, greater citizen engagement, and speedier communication. However, using social media comes with a number of drawbacks, including cybersecurity threats, privacy concerns, and the possibility of misinformation and fake news. Public administrators can effectively manage the dangers and opportunities associated with social media use in their organizations by adopting policies and procedures, training employees, and monitoring social media usage.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) is one of the world's largest employment guarantee programs launched in 2005 by the Ministry of Rural Development. This Act was implemented by the Government of India to improve the purchasing power of rural people. MANREGA is considered as a magic want to reduce poverty and unemployment in the villages of the country by creating demand for labour force in the rural areas of our country. After independence, the rate of poverty and unemployment in the country has increased at an unprecedented rate. Our country is already facing problems like illiteracy, hungry people, malnutrition, poverty, unemployment. Keeping all these problems in mind, the Government of India implemented the National rural Employment Guarantee Act in 2005. This is the world's largest poverty alleviation program. Its main objective was to provide more skilled or semi skill work to people living below the poverty line in the rural area of India. It is a commendable effort to reduce the gap between the economically prosperous people and the people living below the poverty line in our country. Due to this, a total of 11.37 crore families got employment across the country in 2022-23.

Introduction: Urological endometriosis is rare and accounts for approximately 1% of women with endometriosis. The pathophysiology of bladder endometriosis may be divided into two different causes, namely primary and secondary. The primary form occurs spontaneously and manifests in a form of a generalized pelvic disease whereas the secondary form is thought to be iatrogenic and typically occurs after pelvic surgery such as Cesarean section or hysterectomy Case presentation: A middle-aged woman with complaints of cyclical episodes of lower abdominal pain associated with menstrual periods over 8 months. The complaints started after one month post lower segment caesarean section. The patient was further evaluated using MRI of the abdomen and pelvis which revealed endometriotic scar extending from the abdominal wall as a linear tract and then extending towards the uterus and also involving the dome of the bladder. The patient then underwent diagnostic Hysteroscopy with Dilatation and curettage along with Diagnostic Cystoscopy with transurethral resection biopsy of the mass. Histopathological examination revealed evidence of endometriosis. Patient underwent Exploratory Laparotomy with Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingectomy with partial cystectomy with abdominal wall resection to remove the entire endometriotic tissue along with Abdominal wall reconstruction using Prolene mesh for abdominal wall closure. Postoperative course involved a wound gape without infection of the underlying mesh which was managed with regular dressing followed by secondary suturing of the wound. Patient has been on regular follow up for the last one year with no recurrence of complaints. Conclusion: Bladder endometriosis can often mimic pelvic malignancy resulting in radical surgeries. They can be a rare complication of a previous Cesarean section. More data is needed to determine the relationship of Cesarean scar niche in bladder endometriosis.

Background: Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that are enclosed in a matrix of exopolymers, contributing to chronic and recurring infections, particularly in indwelling medical devices such as urinary catheters, and have developed resistance to numerous antimicrobial drugs. Biofilms plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), which in turn responsible for 40% of health care associated infections. Objective: The objective was to identify biofilm using phenotypic methods in urinary catheter isolates and compare these methods to choose a sensitive method with good reproducibility. Method: A total of 55 culture positive urinary isolates were identified by standard microbiological methods from 126 hospitalized patients catheterized for more than 48 hours and subjected to biofilm detection by phenotypic methods such as Tissue Culture Plate (TCP), Congo Red Agar (CR) and Tube Adherence (TA) method. Results: Out of 55, 15 (27.2%) showed biofilm formation by TCP method. Maximum biofilm production was seen in Escherichia coli (49%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.2%). CR detected biofilm production in 45.4%, TA in 34.5% and TCP in 27.2% isolates. CR and TA methods were compared to TCP, as it is considered gold standard method and they both demonstrated a sensitivity of 86.6% and specificity of 65% and 72.5% respectively. Conclusion: TCP is a quantitative and reliable method for detection of biofilm with good reproducibility.Detection of biofilms can be recommended for chronic and recurrent infections before institution of empirical antibiotics especially in resource limited settings to effectively prevent health care associated infections.

Introduction: Pathologies in relation to hip joint is very common clinical problem, which requires imaging studies in addition, for which MRI is generally advised. This imaging modality is commonly used due to its excellent soft tissue contrast, multiplanar imaging capabilities with high spatial resolution. It provides excellent details of soft tissue, ligaments, cartilage, joint fluid, extraarticular soft tissues and osseous structures. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Agartala Government Medical College and GB Pant Hospital, Agartala, Tripura. A total of 65 consecutive patients were included in the study after obtaining a consent. Result: Out of total 65 cases, 45 were male (69.2%) and rest 20 (30.8%) were female. Age of patients ranged from 5 to 70 years. Maximum numbers of patients were in the age group of 21-30 years (21 cases – 32.3%). AVN was the most common pathology detected comprising 26 cases (40%). Osteoarthritis was second most common abnormality, detected in 10 (15.4 %) cases. Neoplastic lesions were seen in 6 cases (9.23 %). Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the optimal approach for identifying hip pathologies due to its high resolution, improved tissue contrast differentiation, and multiplanar imaging capabilities.

For many years, the efforts of the public authorities in the Republic of Benin have focused on children's access to school; this, in line with the international commitments made by Benin at the Dakar Forum in 2000. In this sense, many barriers hindering children's access and participation in school have been removed. These measures, including free school fees, the creation and expansion of school canteens, have been beneficial in that they have opened up access to school to thousands of children who were initially deprived of it. This quantitative progress poorly conceals the difficulties encountered by the Beninese education system in general and primary education in particular despite the various policies to improve the quality of education undertaken in recent years and which include providing school textbooks to students, improving teacher qualifications through the reopening of Teacher Training Colleges (ENI), improving teaching processes, etc. In short, the annual results obtained are not up to the financial investments made by successive governments, supported by development partners. The Beninese education system still displays high repeat rates, despite the automatic transition policies initiated between primary school sub-cycles. This research therefore focuses on the issue of transforming education financial resources into results and, therefore, on the efficiency of public education spending given that Benin, a country registered with the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative, has very limited financial resources. It aims to contribute to resolving an issue that is currently agitating the Beninese education community.

The experiment to investigate the success percentage of grafting in eleven mango varieties on local rootstock was conducted with randomized block design with three replications at Tansa farm of ASPEE, Agricultural Research and Development Foundation, Maharashtra in Israel and Indian varieties in August 2024. The results of the investigation clearly showed that the highest grafting success percentage was received in Israel and Indian varieties like Lilly, Tommy Atkins, Kent, Amrapali, Hapus, Rajapuri, Kesar and Baramashi scion varieties under stone grafting, with the lowest in Totapuri variety.

Objectives: The objective of this work was to assess the factors associated with the occurrence of acute malnutrition in children aged 6 to 59 months in the health district of Commune VI of Bamako. Method and materials: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, which took place from August to October 2012, in the Health District of Commune VI of Bamako. The target was children aged 6 to 59 months. The WHO-type two-stage cluster random sampling was chosen. Results: The study included a total of 359 children. The socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric data of the children were analyzed. A high prevalence of 14.2% for acute malnutrition (AD) was found. Children on Exclusive Breastfeeding were 3.84 times less likely to have AD with p=0.00007. Low birth weight (LBW) was a risk factor for the occurrence of AD OR= 8.04, 95% CI [3.72-17.62]. Conclusion: The high prevalence of AD in the health district of Commune VI of Bamako requires the rapid implementation of a response program focused on strengthening the nutritional surveillance system for children, for active screening in the community.

Cet article porte sur une étude prospective menée dans la Région de Dosso sur la demande du projet luxdev, visant à identifier des bassins de production agricole, susceptibles de se constituer en pôles de développement agricole et économique régionaux, à travers la valorisation du milieu rural. Ce milieu est considéré comme un levier de développement des territoires. Il part du postulat que le développement local inclusif passe par l’amélioration du niveau de vie des différents acteurs intervenant dans les filières cibles, du producteur au consommateur en incluant les différents agents économiques. Sur la base d’une approche prospective qui prend en compte la dimension spatiale, temporelle et sociale du développement, l’étude propose des zones disposant des potentialités agricoles avérées pour devenir des pôles de développement agricoles.La méthode se base sur la prise en compte des études faites sur la question, des connaissances et avis des principaux acteurs lors des rencontres de recadrage et de l’enquête terrain. Cette étude prend en compte des filières déjà appuyées par le projet. Les critères économiques sont mis en avant par l’étude prospective, qui se focalise principalement sur des filières les plus porteuses déjà identifiées, fonctionnelles, potentiellement rentables, susceptibles de soutenir le développement économique des quatre pôles identifiés: le pôle plateau, le pôle fleuve, le pôle Dallol Bosso et le pôle Dallol Maouri.

This article explores the problem of violence in the school environment and examines the contribution of Physical and Sports Education (PSE) to its prevention, focusing particularly on the Senegalese context. It aims to shed light on how PE, as perceived by teachers, goes beyond its formal role of teaching sports practices to become an educational discipline that fosters the acquisition of social reference values and the promotion of a peaceful school climate. The study targeted PE teachers in Dakar-Plateau high schools, chosen for their role and expertise in the education system. A purposive sample of 30 teachers was selected. A survey questionnaire and a semi-directive interview guide were used to collect data, which were then processed using SPSS and NVivo software for in-depth statistical and qualitative analysis. The results reveal that the causes of violence in schools include inadequate family education, overcrowded classrooms, sometimes lax application of sanctions and authoritarian attitudes adopted by some teachers. Suggested preventive strategies include activities favoring wellbeing, inclusive management and the integration of social rules of reference into PE sessions. Ultimately, the study indicates that this discipline, through its educational and social dimensions, constitutes an important tool in the prevention of school violence, by promoting appropriate behavior and reinforcing social cohesion within the school.

Physical education is a compulsory subject in middle and secondary schools. Its teaching still faces a number of difficulties, particularly where team sports are concerned. The problem of teaching team sports is analyzed here using the example of basketball as the subject of study, using a methodology based on surveys of teachers and observation of PE sessions. The results of the field survey reveal that the teaching of team sports in general and basketball in particular is faced with a number of problems, including the lack of teaching aids, which is not conducive to the smooth running of the teaching-learning process, and overcrowding, which affects the quality of pupil supervision, inadequate timetabling in the context of large classes, the pedagogical problem posed by the non- existence or poor condition of sports facilities, the thorny issue of assessment and the shortage of teachers to meet the needs of the field.

Depuis 2013, l’organisation du pèlerinage au Burkina Faso est assurée par les agences de voyage agréés et coordonnée par le ministère en charge des questions religieuses. Chaque année, ces différentes structures font des efforts pour fournir des services de qualité aux pèlerins. Malgré ces efforts, de nombreuses plaintes sont exprimées par ces derniers. Uneétude a été menée pour documenter ces plaintes. Elle a eu pour objectif principal d’évaluer l’organisation du pèlerinage en examinant le niveau de satisfaction des pèlerins de l’édition 2023sur les différents aspects du déroulement de ce 5e pilier de l’islam. Après une revue documentaire, un questionnaire et des guides d’entretiens ont été élaborés pour collecter les données auprès des pèlerins, des responsables d’agences de voyages et des membres du Comité national de suivi du pèlerinage. Les résultats font ressortir des insuffisances dans la quasi-totalité des composantes de l’organisation du pèlerinage 2023. L’étude révèle que près du quart des pèlerins (24,5%) n’est pas satisfait de l’organisation du hajj 2023. Les aspects de l’organisation les plus importants à améliorer sont entre autres l’enregistrement des pèlerins sur la plateforme et l’octroi de visa, la vaccination, la formation, l’hébergement, le transport interne, l’encadrement, l’hygiène et la restauration à Mina.