optimized controller design for cardiac pacemakers

With the current advancements quality-of-life of individuals has become a focal theme in the development of advanced techniques for health care related modules and particularly to recover from cardiac abnormalities. A PSO-PID controller is designed for the dual-sensor based pacemaker to meet the desired performance specifications by using PSO optimization algorithm. The gain parameters of the PID controller are designed and applied to the controller system. The closed loop response of the controller is observed for ISE, IAE, IATE and MSE error criteria. A comparison of system performance observed for all four criteria. Comparison with the conventional PID control algorithm, PID tuned with BF-PSO based optimization techniques provide a more suitable control strategy to determine a pacing rate in order to achieve a closer match between actual heart rate and a desired profile. Simulation results confirm that the proposed advanced design is effective for heartbeat recovery. It is hoped that this study will be helpful not only for treatment of cardiac diseases but also for improving the performance of implantable medical devices.