Histopathological spectrum of ovarian lesions in a tertiary teaching hospital in Tamilnadu– a prospective study

Introduction: Ovarian tumors play an important role in female genital tract pathologies. It can occur in any age group. It may be a simple cystic lesion or a life-threatening malignancy. Most malignancies are diagnosed at a later stage because of vague symptoms. Histopathological examination is confirmatory for an ovarian tumor. Hence, the Pathologist plays a great role in diagnosing and classifying ovarian tumors. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was done in the Department of Pathology Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital for a period of 2years from August 2020 to July 2022. The data was collected in a proforma with relevant detailed information. The excised specimens were received in buffered formalin, processed, sectioned, and stained with routine Haematoxylin and Eosin stains. Results: Among 142 cases studied, the most common mode of presentation is Pain abdomen followed by mass abdomen. The most common age group affected is 21-40years. Unilateral occurrence of tumor predominates. The non-malignant lesions account for about 93.7%. Among non-malignant lesions, Serous cystadenoma is the most common. Among malignant tumors, the incidence of Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma predominates. Conclusion: It is concluded from this study that ovarian tumors have different modes of presentation. Hence efforts must be taken to identify the risk factors for developing ovarian carcinoma.