Adiponectin gene polymorphism snp +276g/t and its association among cardiovascular subjects with diabetes in south India

Background and Objective: Adiponectin gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the exon 3 and intron 4 is a well characterized SNP which has previously been linked to various diseases including cardiovascular diseases. The association of this gene with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is studied in various studies , hence the present study was designed to investigate the association of SNP +45T/G and +276G/T in the AdipoQ gene in CVD patients with and without diabetes mellitus and normal controls in North Coastal Andhra Population. Methods: The present study has a total 274 subjects, in which group 1 has normal controls without any complications (n=99), group 2 has cardiovascular disease subjects with diabetes (CVDDM) (n=102), and group 3 has cardiovascular disease subjects without diabetes (CVDNDM) (n=73). Patients were divided into group 2 and 3 based on the manifestation of diabetes. All the clinical, biochemical parameters were analysed for the study subjects. Adiponetin SNP were genotyped by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP). Results: Our study has revealed a significant association of 276G/T adiponectin polymorphism with CVDDM cases in study subjects. The TT genotype against TG+GG genotype of the 276 G/T polymorphism was observed to confer increased risk to develop cardiovascular disease with diabetes (P=0.000001). TT Vs TG+GG in the given population, although the proportion of CVDDM attributable to TT genotype was 6.8% in overall study population, a similar risk factor was also observed in GG genotype against TG+TT genotype to confer the risk of developing cardiovascular disease with diabetes (P=0.0017) and GG genotype attributes nearly 50.9% in overall cases. Whereas heterozygote TG genotype does not show any significant association in CVDDM cases. Conclusion: The SNP 276 G/T of adiponectin gene was observed to confer increased risk to develop cardiovascular disease among diabetes subjects.