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Analysis of genetic variability and agroindustrial characteristics in sugarcane

Author: 
Luiz Sérgio Costa Duarte Filho, Edson Ferreira da Silva, Geraldo Veríssimo de Souza Barbosa, Carlos Assis Diniz, JosealdoTonholo, Cícero Carlos de Souza Almeida and José Antônio Bressiani
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

Brazil is the world's largest producer of sugar and ethanol in sugarcane, and genetic improvement was essential for raising agroindustrial yields, providing gains of 1% to 2% per year. The objective of this work was to evaluate the main genotypes grown in Alagoas-Brazil from 1975 to 2010 in a competition experiment conducted between February 2012 and February 2013 at the Sinimbu-Alagoas Plant, adopting the following statistical-genetic procedures: estimates of averages and grouping of cultivars for agroindustrial characteristics; estimates of genetic parameters of agroindustrial characteristics; evaluation of the levels of genetic diversity of the cultivars through microsatellite molecular markers and recommendation of genetic crosses among the studied cultivars. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications. The plot was composed of three double lines of seven meters, spaced at 1,50 m x 0,80 m. The cultivars that showed the highest sugar yields were RB92579, RB867515, RB99395 and RB951541; the highest estimates of heritability and ratio between the genetic/environmental variance coefficients were for the BRIX, POL, TPH and TCH characteristics, indicating that it is very probable to obtain gains in the selection of superior individuals in these characteristics, performing genetic crosses with the genotypes evaluated in this study; The microsatellite primers SSR05, SSR06 and SSR93 were efficient in determining unique genetic profiles and in discriminating degree of kinship and genetic diversity; the crosses that can predict higher gains in sugar yield are from cultivar RB92579 with cultivars RB867515, RB931003, RB931011, RB951541, RB98710 and RB99395.

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