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A comparative study on lipid profile and comorbid factors in hypertensive patients and normal subjects

Author: 
Srinivas Pai, K., Sanjay B. Bhagoji and Anupam Biswas
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

Background and objectives: Hypertension and abnormalities of lipid profile often co-exist. Several well conducted epidemiological studies have demonstrated that cholesterol levels are significantly higher in hypertensive patients than in age, sex and body mass index matched normotensive patients. Hence this study is undertaken to study the demographic profile of hypertensive patient (sex, age group and other comorbid factors) and Comparison of lipid levels between hypertensive and healthy subjects. Methodology: Present study was conducted in Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore on 50 hypertensive and 50 normal subjects aged (30-80 yrs.). Lipid profile was estimated for Total cholesterol (CHOD-PAP Method), HDL Cholesterol (second-generation enzymatic colorimetric method), Triglycerides (GPO-PAD method), LDL-C-[Total cholesterol –(HDL-C+VLDL-C) and VLDL-Cholesterol (VLDL –C). Following were the statistical tests used; CHI – SQUARE TEST, Z – MANN WHITNEY TEST, and H – KRUSKUL WALLIS TEST. Results: All the lipid fractions TC, TGL, LDL-C, VLDL, TC/HDL-C ratio were higher in the hypertensive than those in the healthy controls. This study found no significant difference in hypertensive and non-hypertensive Subjects in relation to veg and non-veg diet. The values of diabetics with hypertension showed no significant increase in mean lipid levels when compared with diabetics without hypertension. There was a very highly significant increase in TC, TG and VLDL (P<0.001) in obese compared to non-obese patients. Interpretation and Conclusion: In the present study group age range was from 30-80 years and mean age was 55 years. Higher numbers of patients of hypertension were seen between age group 50-60 years contributing to 36% of the cases studied. There was no significant difference in the mean values of lipid levels in IHD and non-IHD hypertensives. There was no statistically significant different between the hypertensive and normal subjects in the relation to smoking and alcohol consumption. There are no statistically significant difference in the lipid level with men and women with hypertension. In this study we observed that factors like type of diet, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, age, sex and is chaemic heart disease contributed to the observed results very less when compared with the obesity.

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