Esthetics: The orthodontic, Periodontic-restorative connection

The objectives of orthodontic therapy are to establish a good occlusion, enhance the health of the periodontium, and improve dental and facial esthetics. Although tooth contact is important, the interrelationship between orthodontics, periodontics, and esthetics, should not be deemphasized. The common unaesthetic situations that may develop during orthodontic treatment are the gummy smile, gingival margin discrepancies, and the missing papilla. This article describes these situations dusring orthodontic treatment and how to overcome them.