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Haematological Indices In Pregnancy And Puerperium

Author: 
Yusuf Abisowo Oshodi, Adetokunbo Olusegun Fabamwo and Oluwarotimi Ireti Akinola
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Background: Pregnancy is a time of considerable maternal adaptation during which the range of normal laboratory values for commonly requested clinical investigations is wider and even more arbitrary than in the non-pregnant state. Although, pregnancy specific values are becoming available due to increased awareness of the obstetrician for their need, the available reference values are mainly based on healthy Caucasians. There is a dearth of information on the reference values for haematological indices particularly in relation to the trimesters of pregnancy and in the puerperium. Objectives: To determine the reference values for various haematological indices in trimesters of pregnancy and puerperium healthy pregnant and puerperal subjects compared to non-pregnant women Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study involving 422 subjects carried out over a six-month period. Healthy pregnant, puerperal and non-pregnant subjects recruited for the study and grouped into six. Each subjects had her socio-demographic data and anthropometry documented and haematological indices determined by automated analysis using the Coulter counter method. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using 95% confidence intervals. Results: The results from this study showed that the difference in the mean haematocrit values in pregnancy was statistically significant between the first and second trimesters (P=0.026) and also between the second and third trimesters (P=0.007). The mean RBC count also showed a significant difference between the first and second trimesters (P=0.032). Other red cell indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC) showed no statistically significant difference in between trimesters. The difference in the mean WBC count values was equally significant between the first and second trimester (P=0.023). A similar significant difference was observed in the mean platelet count between the first and third trimesters (P=0.002). Conclusion: The lowest red cell parameters (haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration and RBC count) were recorded in the second trimester and there were varying statistically significant differences in the mean haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, RBC, WBC and platelet values during the trimesters of pregnancy and the puerperium.

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