Objective: Hypertension is a disease which has a lot of complication as end organ damage, left ventricular hypertrophy and retinal damage so it is very important to diagnose it early and treat it to minimize its complication. Data Summary: Data Sources: medical text books, medical journals, medical websites which have updated research Study selection: Systematic reviews that addressed Hypertension & studies that addressed impact of it on different organs and role of physician in prevention and management. Data Extraction: Special search was done at midline with key words (Hypertension) in the title of papers; extraction was made, including assessment of etiology and factors affecting and importance of early treatment to prevent complication Data synthesis: The main result of the review. Each study was reviewed independently , obtained data is rebuilt in new language according to the need of the researcher and arranged in topics through the article. Conclusions: Hypertension is a significant global health issue and a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, leading to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Common etiology in any age group is reno vascular and renal parenchmal diseases, It is essential that education and counseling must then be provided to the family and not just the child so as to enhance motivation and compliance with the proposed treatment strategy.