The main target of this ethnographic study was to explore jaarsummaa conflict resolution mechanism in Ilu and Bunno Oromos. In the study, interview and focus group discussion were used for data collection in the informants’ natural setting. The collected data were analyzed from the folklore bearers and from observers’ perspectives. The finding revealed the following. First of all, the informants asserted that jaarsummaa conflict resolution practice is a component of Oromo Gada system. Secondly, kinds of conflicts should be treated by jaarsummaa system are small scales disputes like: farmland, husband and wife, use of resources and other social issues which does not include death issue which would be treated by abba gada of the area. Similarly, the elders agree that jaarsummaa resolve conflicts from ground than modern law court system. However, jaarsummaa has been in challenges since the introduction of Minilik II to the area which sanctioned no to exercise as before. Gradually, the practice lacks its originality. However, it could not disappear completely since it had basic foundation. Currently, the application of jaarsummaa conflict resolution is better than after Oromo Gada system was registered to UNESCO. Lastly, we suggest that Gumii Abbootii Gadaa of salgan Iluu Oromo have to teach the people gada values for good governance and development.
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