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Knowledge and Awareness of south Indian females regarding maternal smoking and its adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes- A multicentred crossectional study

Author: 
Dr. Ramesh Kumar Koothati, Dr. Apoorva Gaddipati, Dr. Kavitha Ginjupalli, Dr. Harish Kumar Desu, Dr. Amol Jayawant Jadhav and Dr. Kalyani Prapurna Sistla
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Background: Smoking habit acts as the risk factor for Periodontal disease and Adverse pregnancy outcomes. Mild maternal smoking might also cause whopping adverse pregnancy outcomes. Lack of awareness in pregnant woman regarding the adverse outcome of pregnancy with maternal smoking is very common in developing countries like India. The objective of this study was to evaluate knowledge and awareness of south Indian pregnant female about maternal smoking and its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods: Multiple optioned 21 questionnaires was prepared with four categories i.e about smoking habit, stress levels, smoking effects on pregnancy outcomes, and discontinuing the habit. Maternal smoking also related with stress levels. Questionnaire forms were distributed to 440 pregnant patients who visited primary health centers in primary health care centers in several parts of south India. Answers were evaluated based on the current evidence available. Results: Most of the pregnant patients 88% (387 patients) who participated in the study were unaware of the relation of smoking with adverse pregnant outcomes. Though, some patients 12 % (53 patients) know the relation, they were not sure about the exact relation. Among the people who aware about the relation, 92% (48 patients) were believing in the severity of adverse pregnancy outcomes depends upon the number of cigarettes that are smoked per day. Conclusion: With this current study we would like to conclude that, there is apparent need of educating female pregnant patients and even women before pregnancy regarding smoking and its adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes. Maternal and children health by educating and preventing adverse habits should be set as public health goals in developing countries like India.

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