Several hypothalamic peptides that participate in the control of ingestive behavior are produced in neuronal cell bodies of the arcuate nucleus and/ or the lateral hypothalamic area. Apart from producing orexigenic or anorexigenic compounds of peptidergic nature, these neurons also produce excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters. The role of GABA and glutamate in regulating energy balance has received less attention in comparison to neuropeptides. The arcuate nucleus median eminence area, a region with a weak blood–brain barrier, contains at least two neuronal cell populations that exert opposing actions on energy balance.some other nucleus and other neuropeptides secreted from the hypothalamus regulate the feeding behaviour.
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