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Prevalence of risk factors of major non-communicable diseases among adult population of Kashmir Valley

Author: 
Dr. Mahbooba Rasool, Dr. Iftikhar Hussain, Dr. Sufoora Bilques, Dr. S. M. Salim Khan, Dr. Inaamul Haq and Dr. Iqbal Pandit
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Background: Burden of non communicable diseases is rising at current and has led to epidemic proportions in most of the developing countries like India. There is a growing concern regarding these diseases as they do not have have a specific or single cause which is easily amenable to control activities. But, the multiple factors causing these diseases are lifestyle related which can be easily limited or controlled with simple approaches of promotive and preventive services aimed at population levels. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of risk factors of major non communicable diseases among adult population (18 years and above) of Kashmir valley and to find out the socio demographic pattern of these risk factors. Methodology: Sample size was derived by the formula n=z2pq/e2. Sample was selected by multistage technique. The questionnaire included three parts, background characteristics of participants, history of diabetes and high blood pressure, body measurements including blood pressure measurement. Data was analysed using appropriate statistical software. Results were expressed in proportions. Results: The percentage of tobacco users was 31.08%, low physical activity in 28.4%,over-weight 30.67% obese 8.50%,diagnosed diabetes mellitus was 1.66%.The percentage of respondents with waist to height ratio of greater than 0.5 was 30.25%.The prevalence of hypertension was 17.50%. Conclusion: This study found a high burden of risk factors of non-communicable diseases with 1 in 4 of the study participants smoking, engaged in low physical activity. 1 in 5 hypertensive, 2 in 5 overweight or obese, 1 in 3 (approximately) having higher waist to height ratio.

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