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Serum cathepsin k, its correlation with radiological destruction of joints in established rheumatoid arthritis

Author: 
Sudeshna Sil, Vibha, C. and Vishwanath, H. L.
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology characterised by persistent inflammatory synovitis involving multiple peripheral joints in a symmetrical distribution. Cathepsin K is a cysteine protease that plays an essential role in osteoclast function and in the degradation of protein components of bone matrix. It is synthesized by osteoclast and activated synovial macrophages and it cleaves collagen type I, collagen type II and osteonectin, therefore having a role in bone remodelling and resorption. Larsen score is a method of radiological scoring of X-rays in Rheumatoid arthritis. Aim: To measure the serum levels of cathepsin K as a marker of bone resorption in rheumatoid arthritis and its correlation with the Larsen score. Method: Case control study involving 30 patients of rheumatoid arthritis as cases and 30 age and sex matched healthy individuals as controls. Serum cathepsin K was determined and X-rays were scored by Larsen scoring method in cases. Results: Mean serum cathepsin K (p moles/litre) was significantly increased in cases (116.18 ± 78.18) than controls (12.86 ± 3.04) with P < 0.001 and a significant positive correlation of serum cathepsin K with Larsen score (r value 0.903 and P < 0.001) was seen in cases. Conclusion: The upregulation of serum Cathepsin K in cases and its significant positive correlation with the Larsen score mirrors the destruction of bone structures in established Rheumatoid arthritis. Cathepsin K seems to be a valuable parameter for assessment of bone metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Its measurement will contribute to the development of targeted therapies for the prevention of further bone destruction.

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