Biomechanical preparation is a very essential step for successful endodontic treatment, which removes the root canal debries and disinfect the root canal. Practitioner will be able to achieve this aim easily with nickel titanium (niti) rotary instuments. The recently introduced Single file NiTi-rotary systems such as Neoniti rotary file system, WaveOne, Reciproc, OneShape, Neoniti, Hyflex EDM & F360, Self Adjusting File claim to be able to completely prepare and clean root canals with only one instrument. With the use of these single file systems, practitioner can save time, it is cost effective, reduces instrument fatigue and cross contamination. The purpose of this article is to review single file Niti-Rotary systems for canal preparation.