Variations in the root canal configuration of maxillary second premolar: a case series

Successful endodontic treatment depends on accurate diagnosis and a thorough knowledge of the anatomy of the tooth and morphology of the root canal. Clinicians should be aware of anatomical variations in maxillary premolars and be able to apply the knowledge in radiographic and clinical interpretation. The maxillary second premolars are among the most difficult teeth to be treated endodontically. This could be due to many factors namely the number of roots, the number of canals, the direction and longitudinal depressions of the roots, the various pulp cavity configurations, and the difficulties in visualizing the apical limit by radiographs. This case series describes a case of maxillary second premolar with Vertucci’s class II, Class II, Class IV and Class VI canal configuration respectively as the incidence of two canals (with either shared or separate apical foramina) is very high in the maxillary second premolars.