The antimicrobial peptides as immune boosters

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely present in nature and play the role of self-protection of a living organism from the presence of foreign presenters. They are amphipathic, i.e. contain both charged and hydrophobic domains, however, they are divided into cationic and anionic, depending on the presence of positively or negatively charged amino acids in the active domains, which allows them to easily bind to the surface of the bacterial membrane, which has an advantage of phosphatidylserines different from eukaryotic cells on the outer surface of the plasma membrane, as well as with the surface of fungi and tumor cells. The mechanism of the killer action of AMPs is based on their ability to form pores according to the principle of a toroidal, mosaic and barrel model. But the mechanism of the immunomodulatory action of AMP does not end there. Along with the above action, which ensures the leakage of vital intracellular components into the external environment, AMPs act on DNA transcription, RNA and protein synthesis, sharply inhibiting their formation in a virulent cell, preventing colony development. Of course, a diet depleted in protein and antibiotics are undesirably introduced into the process of self-regulation of immune reactions in the body under the influence of AMP, which is the reason for the deterioration of the condition of patients after taking chemotherapy drugs. Simultaneously, the emergence of multidrug resistance cannot be ignored. On the contrary, increased AMP production due to thediet enriched by essensial, especially widely presented in AMPs hydrophobic amino acids has a beneficial effect on the outcome of an infectious disease. It has been shown that the supplementation of such essential nutrients as tryptophan and branched amino acids, as well as vitamins D and A, increases the host defense by increasing the expression of genes responsible for AMP synthesis.