Risk factors of Ischemic Heart Disease and their prevalence in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Coronary artery disease (CAD) the primary cause of disability and death worldwide is also one of the top five causes of death in India1. For the past few decades as there is stupendous increase in coronary artery disease globally, identification of risk factors has become an essential prerequisite to bring down the incidence. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of various risk factors of Ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Acute Myocardial infarction (AcMI). A total of 50 patients admitted in the Cardiology department S.V.R.R. Government General Hospital, Tirupati with evidence of acute myocardial infarction were included in this study. Conventional risk factors for IHD- hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, obesity and family history of CAD were assessed. It was observed that male to female ratio was 2.13:1, hypertension-78%, dyslipidemia-72%, smoking-48%, family history of CAD-34%, obesity-12% and diabetes mellitus-20%. This study concludes that AcMI is significantly associated with conventional risk factors; early detection, life style modification and timely medication play a key role in reducing the burden of IHD. Hence awareness about the risk factors illustrates the enormous potential for prevention of AcMI.