Exploring the connection between b lymphocytes and sars-cov-2 pathogenesis

B lymphocytes are essential for the human body's fight against viral infections because they generate certain antibodies. Additionally, they are essential for the vaccination-based protection of infectious diseases, and the vaccination's effectiveness is impacted by their activation. Numerous attempts have been undertaken to cure and prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has emerged as the primary global health system concern. However, knowledge of the interaction between the immune system and the COVID-19 causal agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is essential for the development of effective treatments and vaccines. Even though, a primary and nonspecific defense against the virus is initially provided by the innate immune system, a virus-specific immune response is first produced within a few days of infection by B cells that produce antibodies. These B cells are then transformed into memory B cells, which offer long-term immunity, once the disease has resolved. We summarize the most recent research on the relationship between B cells and SARS-CoV-2 during COVID-19 infection and highlighted the B cells recognition, response and its activation against COVID-19 in this review. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the significance of B cell in SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as the function of B cells and their mediators in the creation of COVID-19 vaccines.