Study of clinical and epidemiological profile in patients of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in a tertiary care hospital in central India

Aim: To study clinical and etiological spectrum for early diagnosis and management of CVT. To evaluate factors associated with poor outcome (mRS >2), prognosis and sequelae of CVT at 3 months follow-up. Methodology: A Retrospective and prospective observational study performed during 2011-2017 on patients diagnosed of CVT (radiologically confirmed by CTV/MRV) were included. Clinical profile including detailed history, onset, progression, risk factors, etiological spectrum, systemic examination and Routine investigations were done. Neurological status was assessed by mRS and NIHSS. Patients followed-up after 3 months personally/telephonically. Statistical software SPSS used for data analysis. Results: MC (52.8%) in young (21-40 years) patients with male preponderance (59.7%) with sub-acute onset (56.9%). MC site were deep sinuses 30 (41.7%) f/b superior sagittal sinus 29 (40.3%). Headache (79.2%) was MC presentation f/b seizures (51.4%). Hyperhomocysteinemia (37.5%) as MC risk factor, OCP use (34.5%) in females and alcohol (46.5%) in males. mRS was not dependent on clinical, etiological and hematological profile. There was significant decrease in mRS and NIHSS on discharge. Altered sensorium, Papilledema, motor deficit, mRS>2, low GCS, high NIHSS, elderly and low calcium predicted poor outcome. Good outcome in (80.56%), poor outcome in (19.4%) and 1 expired. Conclusions: CVT is rare treatable cause of stroke with varied presentation and risk factors. MC presentation is headache and seizure; MC risk factor is Hyperhomocysteinemia, OCP, alcohol. CVT has good prognosis if diagnosed earlier and treated promptly.