A study on complications of diabetes mellitus and its management measures

Diabetes mellitus is a major metabolic disorder. The acute and chronic complications of diabetes mellitus are major cause of blindness, renal failure, limb amputations, stroke, coronary heart diseases, diabetic foot, hypertension and other complications. Recent studies has provided with an unequivocal evidence for the crucial role of prolonged hyperglycaemia induce damage of the kidneys, eyes, nerves and arteries still remains to be observations. Studies shows that the occurrence and progression of these complications were prevented by the optimal control of blood glucose, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. Lifestyle changes such as weight control, increase physical exercise and smoking cessation are also potentially beneficial in preventing diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, morbidity and mortality caused by diabetes mellitus can be reduced by secondary prevention such as regular screening, early detection and appropriate treatment of chronic complications are improved. Diabetes education is needed among diabetes populations. An adequate healthcare resources were allocated for the primary and secondary prevention of diabetic complications. Compiled data was subjected through graphical representation and statistical analysis. The study was conducted with sample size of 150 among males and female. Questionnaires were used for survey and chi-square test was applied. 57% of the male subjects knew diabetic nephropathy, and the remaining 43% were unaware of the same. Coming to female subjects, 69% of them were of them were aware of diabetic nephropathy and the remaining 31% weren’t aware of it. 72% of the male subjects reported they knew diabetic retinopathy and the remaining 28% of the male subjects were unaware of the same. Coming to female subjects, 57% of them reported they knew about diabetic Retinopathy and the remaining 43% didn’t know about it. 63% of the male subjects were aware that diabetes is the cause for heart diseases while the remaining 37% weren’t. In the same manner 57% of the female subjects were aware that diabetes is the cause for heart diseases and the left 43% were unaware of it. Awareness was created among diabetic people through poster regarding proper dietary habits, regular exercise, regular blood sugar levels and knowledge regarding acute and chronic complications.