October 2024

Today, with the digital revolution and its corollary of exponential data growth, capturing large volumes of data from various sources for processing at a high and acceptable speed would be a wish; but securing this data seems even better. To do this, we propose in our article, a data model for detecting vulnerabilities in big data. This model derives from two models, which are: a vulnerability scanning model (allowing to keep track of data from the weaknesses of the various protection measures implemented in big data), - a model from honeypots (for capturing data from various intrusion attempts in big data). The implementation of this hybrid model makes it possible to efficiently perform CMDI, SQLI, XSS, brute force login, basic, OWASP, DEFAULT LOGIN type scans at the request of different users for securing their infrastructures. Also, in these honeypot management functions, this model allows to perform NMAP type analyses, to identify the sources of possible attacks and their different forms (injection – ddos – portscan, etc.).

Mission Shakti is a flagship program launched by the Government of Uttar Pradesh in India to promote women's empowerment and self-reliance through skill development, employment generation, and entrepreneurship. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Mission Shakti's skill development initiatives in enhancing women's employment prospects in Uttar Pradesh. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews and focus group discussions. The findings reveal that Mission Shakti has had a positive impact on women's skill acquisition, employability, and income levels. However, challenges such as limited access to formal employment, gender-based discrimination, and societal barriers persist. The study recommends strengthening public-private partnerships, promoting gender-responsive policies, and addressing systemic inequalities to maximize the program's impact on women's economic empowerment in Uttar Pradesh.

The most common condition affecting the liver is non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD). It is well known that the majority of people who suffer from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have one or more of the recently identified metabolic syndrome symptoms, including central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. NAFLD is a group of illnesses that ranges from simple steatosis, which is defined by hepatocyte damage, inflammation, and a fatty liver, to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. NAFLD is a complicated disease. Through the promotion of liver inflammation, cell necrosis and apoptosis, and the creation of fibrosis, Cytokines may have a direct role in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Adiponectin levels rise in NASH patients receiving thiazolidinedione therapy, indicating improvement in hepatic steatosis, necroinflammation, and—most importantly—fibrosis.Obese patients who inherit both high TGF-1 and angiotensinogen -producing polymorphisms may be more susceptible to advanced fibrosis.There have been a number of candidate gene studies and a small number of GWAS (genome-wide association studies) in NAFLD populations as a result of the heritability and complexity of NAFLD.PNPLA3 was the first variant associated with NAFLD.Recent GWA studies have demonstrated a relationship between the SNP rs58542926 C>T in theTM6SF2 gene and the severity of NAFLD. Both raised serum triglyceride levels and an enhanced fibrosis risk in NAFLD patients are linked to the GCKR P446L variant.An increase in inflammation and hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD patients is linked to the MBOAT7 variant.

Are the enteral tubes suitable for delivering drugs, or is it already time to switch over?

Strengthening nutritional support for tb patients: expansion of the ni-kshay poshan yojana

From 2010 to 2020, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) region experienced notable transformations in the dynamics of cultivated land. These changes were primarily influenced by factors including as urbanization, environmental legislation, and agricultural methods. The focal point of this transformation was the swift urban growth observed in China, which played a significant role in the notable decrease of arable land. Despite being partially mitigated by afforestation projects like the "Green for Grain Project," the decrease in land availability has raised apprehensions over the long-term viability of land utilization and the assurance of food security. Divergent patterns of cultivated land alterations were seen, as Southeast Asia exhibited a tendency towards the expansion of commercial agriculture, while countries such as Central and Eastern Europe faced the challenge of heightened fragmentation. Israel has emerged as a prominent example of sustainable agriculture, showcasing the potential of technological breakthroughs in improving land production. The synergistic benefits of reciprocal agricultural endeavours were emphasized through collaborative efforts, notably between China and nations participating in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) that possess significant agricultural resources. This study highlights the imperative requirement for ongoing surveillance and enduring administration of cultivated lands in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) region. In light of the increasing global difficulties, it is of utmost importance to adopt a proactive approach to managing these lands in order to guarantee sustainable food security, environmental well-being, and socio-economic resilience in the long run.

Advancement in social media has made influencer marketing most popular way for brands to launch and promote their products and services. Therefore, influencer marketing leverages the followers' trust and reliability specifically among the youth. Thus, social media-dependent adolescents' purchase intent can be affected by influencer marketing. The genuineness, reliability, and engagement of influencers have transformed how marketers reach young customers. Thepresent research study addresses adolescent acquaintance with Influencer Marketing, key experiences, potential, and risks, and how it affects youth buying behavior. This study is specific to Himachal Pradesh using quantitative and qualitative methodologies to collect data from a random sample of 506 respondents using online surveys, interviews, and focus groups. Data has been synthesized using frequency distribution and percentage. Thereafter, demographic characteristics, particularly age of the respondents has been used to cross-tabulate the associations. The hypotheses have been examined using chi-square test of independence and ANOVA/F-test.The survey reveals that influencer marketing is a powerful tool for reaching young, urban consumers, especially through platforms like Instagram. However, the study underscores the importance of building trust, ensuring authenticity, and fostering long-term brand relationships. Brands and influencers must navigate these challenges to effectively engage with their audience, especially younger consumers who are more discerning about the credibility and ethical practices of influencer marketing.

Background: Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) represents an important cash crop in many countries of West Africa. It is increasingly cultivated in the north of Côte d'Ivoire and can reproduce by self-pollination or cross-pollination. This latter case involving pollinating insects. Unfortunately, little entomological studies concerning the diversity of floricultural insects have been devoted to this crop. Methods: This study aims to determine the diversity of floricultural insects on five sesame varieties grown in the north of Cote d'Ivoire. The methodology was based on observation, capture and identification of insects visiting the flowers. It was consisted also to assess insects’ activity in order to determine their foraging effectiveness. Results: The results showed that all sesame varieties were visited by a large diversity of insects. Hymenoptera were the most abundant order on the varieties SI 097, SI 100, SI 129 and SI 143 while, Orthoptera were more abundant on a single variety SI 099. The calculated indices showed that the variety SI 143 was the most diverse (H’ = 1.79) with a more equitable distribution of floricultural insects (E = 0.92). Bee activity was mostly intense on the varieties SI 097, SI 100, SI 129 and SI 143 with a maximum peak of activity between 9 a.m. and 10 a.m. As for the locusts, their activity was mostly intense on the variety SI 099 with a maximum peak of activity between 9 a.m. and 10 a.m. The foraging speed of bees was higher than that of other insect groups. Conclusion: The findings on the diversity of sesame floricultural insects are very relevant because they allow to consider a study on their impact on fruit production. Also, determining the diversity of insects on several sesame varieties makes it possible to manage entomological issues related to pollination; which could lead to a varietal selection.

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) has emerged as a vital economic activity in the Kokumbo department of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, supporting the livelihoods of numerous local communities. This research seeks to explore the environmental impacts of ASGM activities in Kokumbo, including soil and water resource degradation, and their subsequent effects on public health, agriculture, and biodiversity. Through qualitative and quantitative assessments, the study examines how these environmental challenges disproportionately affect vulnerable populations, particularly women and children, who rely heavily on natural resources for daily sustenance. 1631 (90.41% of respondents) adhered to the research to provide information about the situation and stated that ASGM affected the surrounding population’s lifes. A total of 21 plant species belonging to 11 families were identified before the mining activity in the Kokumbo area and the family with more species is the Anacardiaceae with 7 species. These species become rare or disappear in the mining area and the surrounding village. The results showed that the ASGM activities contaminated the farmland, allowing many animals to be extinct. The most endangered class are mammals including three (3) extinct species in the family Bovidae, two (2) species in the family Suidae, and two (2) in the family Felidae. Our study revealed that the most common disease that affected the local population is malaria, about 49.55%, and 12.49% of people suffered from an intestinal infection. The findings highlight the urgent need for sustainable mining practices, regulatory frameworks, and community awareness programs aimed at mitigating the environmental consequences of ASGM while promoting responsible economic development.

The past decade has witnessed an unprecedented surge in social media usage, becoming an indispensable aspect of daily life. Whether for leisure or in response to initiatives like remote work, the Covid-19 pandemic further increased its acceptance across all age categories. The increased number of users on platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, among others, coupled with increased screen time, has sparked concerns regarding their impact on mental health and overall well-being of young learners. In light of the Covid-19 pandemic, this study aims to identify the concrete consequences that social media use has on people's mental health in addition to investigating possible countermeasures. The goal of this research is to examine how social media use affects young students' mental health in the context of COVID-19. This was accomplished by employing a mixed-method approach in a descriptive study that combined quantitative and qualitative data. An in-depth study of already existing researches was also done to get a better understanding about the matter. From this study, it is clear that Social media has a profound impact on young minds, altering beliefs, habits, and overall well-being. While technology provides educational benefits and connectivity, issues such as cyber bullying and high expectations have an influence on mental health. A balanced strategy is required, supporting responsible usage and establishing a good digital environment for young learners' well-being.

Newspaper has always been an important tool for innovations, news and ideas to reach large masses. Newspapers, which reflect the political, social, economic, cultural and many aspects of the period in which they were published, are an important source for the period they are in. Officially in the Ottoman Empire II. The newspaper, which emerged in the time of Mahmut, showed progress with the efforts of the state and some people. Some of the newspapers are published by the state, and some are published by some intellectuals. While some newspapers continue their publication life for a long time, others have a short publication life. One of them is Vakit newspaper, which first started its publication life in the Ottoman period and was published in the first years of the establishment of the Turkish Republic. In this newspaper, around which many intellectuals and writers of the period gathered, from ideas to art, literature, sports, etc. There are many types of articles. Important writers of our literature wrote articles in the issues of Vakit newspaper, which is also the subject of our study, between 1 Kânunusani 1931 and 31 March 1931. This study has been prepared in order to reveal the reflections of literature, culture and art understanding on newspaper articles in the issues of Vakit newspaper between 1 Kânunusani 1931 – 31 March 1931.

Cardamom belongs to the family Zingiberaceae, genus Elettaria and Latin name Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton. The common names are Capalaga, Ilachi, Green Cardamom, True Cardamom, Ceylon Cardamom. Elettaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Zingiberaceae. They are native to India and Sri Lanka, but cultivated and naturalized elsewhere. One member of the genus, E. cardamomum, is a commercially important spice used as a flavouring agent in many countries. Cardamom, “The Queen of Spices,” is one of tChe oldest and most celebrated spices in the world. It is well known for its distinct flavor, aroma, and medicinal properties. It is a naturally growing perennial plant in countries like Nepal, Bhutan, and India. Also, some places like Sri Lanka, Tanzania, and Guatemala farm the cardamom plant. The word cardamom is derived from the Latin cardamōmum, as a Latinisation of the Greek καρδάμωμον (kardámōmon), a compound of κάρδαμον (kárdamon, "cress") and ἄμωμον (ámōmon), of unknown origin. The earliest attested form of the word κάρδαμον signifying "cress" is the Mycenaean Greek ka-da-mi-ja, written in Linear B syllabic script, in the list of flavorings on the spice tablets found among palace archives in the House of the Sphinxes in Mycenae. The modern genus name Elettaria is derived from the root ēlam attested in Dravidian languages. Common names in Indian language are in Hindi, Urdu, and Gujarati elaichi, and “yelakki” in Kannada and other South Indian languages. It is called Elakka in Malayalam, which is the language of Kerala an Indian province that accounts for 70% of Indian cardamom. In South Asia green cardamom, called “Elaichi” in Marathi, Hindi and Urdu. It is called “Yalakulu in Telugu, “elam” in Tamil. In Hebrew, it is known as Hel. In Persian it is also known as Hel. In Arabic, it is called Hayl. Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as green cardamom or true cardamom, is a herbaceous, perennial plant in the ginger family, native to southern India. It is the most common of the species whose seeds are used as a spice called cardamom that has a sharp, strong, punchy aroma. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in Réunion, Indochina, and Costa Rica. Black cardamom, or Amomum subulatum, is a type of cardamom that is native to India, Bhutan, and Nepal. it is a member of the ginger own family and is regularly known as “hill cardamom” because of its cultivation in hilly areas. Black cardamom pods are large and darker than green cardamom pods, with a rough exterior and a smoky, earthy aroma. Black cardamom has been used for thousands of years in traditional Ayurvedic medicine to treat numerous ailments, together with digestive issues, respiratory troubles, and inflammation. It was also used as a flavoring agent in food and beverages. In ancient instances, black cardamom became considered a luxurious item and changed into frequently used as a form of currency. It is native to India and Sri Lanka but is now grown in other parts of the world, including Guatemala, Tanzania, and Papua New Guinea. The spice is generally sold in the form of small pods or as loose seeds. Cardamom has a strong, sweet, and spicy aroma, and a pungent, slightly sweet taste with hints of lemon and mint. It is commonly used in sweet and savory dishes, as well as in hot beverages like tea and coffee. Origin, Taxonomy, Botanical Description, Genetics and Cytogenetics, Genetic Diversity, Breeding and Cultivation of Cardamom are discussed.

Studies on the in vitro and in vivo antagonistic activity of native bioagents agents and plant extracts were evaluated against Sarocladium oryzae, which causes sheath rot of rice, were undertaken in the Department of Plant Pathology of the Annamalai University, Chidambaram. It was revealed that isolate- Pf S5 (Pseudomonas fluorescens-Sivapuri) recorded the maximum inhibition zone of 10.55 mm and a minimum of 23.40 mm mycelial growth of S. oryzae accounting for 74.00 per cent reduction in the mycelial growth over control and isolate- BsA1 (Bacillus subtilis Ambigapuaram) recorded the maximum inhibition zone of 9.92 mm and a minimum of 24.62 mm mycelial growth of S. oryzae accounting for 72.64 per cent reduction in the mycelial growth over control. Among the ten plant extracts tested (10% concentration) against the mycelial growth of S.oryzae, E. globules extract recorded the minimum mycelial growth (19.03 mm) and maximum per cent reduction of mycelial growth of pathogen (78.85%) over control. In the pot culture studies, seed treatment with Fluorescent pseudomonads (PfS5) @12g/kg plus B. subtilis (BsA1) @12g/kg plus E.globules extract@10% followed by foliar application with Fluorescent pseudomonads (PfS5) and B. subtilis (BsA1) each @ 0.5% plus E. globules extract@10%-T9 at 45 and 60 DAT recorded minimum sheath rot incidence(12.53), maximum plant growth (109.68 cm), number of tillers per hill (15.35), number of grains per panicle (145.90),weight of 1000 of seeds (24.22g) and yield (18.39g/plant).

O currículo escolar desempenha um papel fundamental na formação cidadã dos estudantes, influenciando diretamente suas competências e valores sociais. Através da educação formal, o currículo contribui para o desenvolvimento de habilidades críticas, reflexivas e participativas, necessárias para a atuação consciente na sociedade. A formação cidadã envolve não apenas o conhecimento teórico, mas também a construção de práticas e atitudes que promovam a convivência democrática e o respeito às diversidades. Dessa forma, a educação voltada para a cidadania deve considerar aspectos culturais, éticos e políticos, promovendo o engajamento ativo dos alunos. O objetivo geral deste artigo é analisar como o currículo escolar contribui para a formação cidadã dos estudantes. Os objetivos específicos são: - identificar as práticas pedagógicas presentes no currículo que fomentam a cidadania; - verificar a presença de conteúdos que incentivem o pensamento crítico e a participação social; - avaliar a importância da interdisciplinaridade na construção de uma educação cidadã. O problema de pesquisa que norteia este estudo é: De que maneira o currículo escolar contribui para a formação cidadã dos estudantes? A metodologia utilizada foi bibliográfica, com base em uma revisão de literatura de obras que tratam da relação entre currículo escolar e cidadania. Os resultados indicam que um currículo que integra princípios democráticos, valores sociais e práticas de respeito mútuo favorece o desenvolvimento de cidadãos críticos e participativos. A discussão reforça a necessidade de uma abordagem interdisciplinar que contemple a diversidade e as múltiplas realidades dos estudantes. Conclui-se que o currículo escolar deve ser constantemente revisado e adaptado para atender às demandas sociais e formar indivíduos capazes de atuar de forma ética e responsável na sociedade, exercendo plenamente seus direitos e deveres como cidadãos.

By us has developed a unique theory that connects the Big Bang event, protons, and the formation of life through own concept known as the “Closed 9-Stepped Cycle of Proton Conductance” 1. In this theory, we attempt to link fundamental processes of the universe’s formation to the emergence of life using proton conductance as the central mechanism. Here’s a simplified explanation of how such a connection might work based on known concepts in physics, chemistry, and biology: 2. Big Bang and the Creation of Protons: • The Big Bang is the event that led to the expansion of the universe. During the first few moments, fundamental particles, including protons, were formed. Protons are essential components of atomic nuclei, particularly hydrogen, which is the simplest and most abundant element in the universe. 3. Formation of Matter: • As the universe cooled after the Big Bang, protons, along with electrons, formed hydrogen atoms. These atoms eventually became the building blocks for more complex elements through nuclear fusion in stars. The formation of heavier elements laid the groundwork for complex chemistry, which is essential for life. 4. Proton Conductance and Energy Transfer: • In biological systems, protons play a crucial role in energy transfer processes, such as those found in the electron transport chain of cellular respiration. The movement of protons across membranes in mitochondria generates a proton gradient, which drives ATP synthesis – the molecule responsible for energy in living organisms. 5. Nine-Stepped Cycle of Proton Conductance: • Ambaga’s “Closed 9-Stepped Cycle” likely proposes a specific, structured mechanism by which protons interact in cycles of energy transduction that could lead to life-sustaining processes. The “closed” nature suggests that the cycle operates continuously in a self-sustaining loop, possibly involving various steps where protons move, interact with molecules, and contribute to the complex reactions necessary for the emergence of life. 6. From Protons to Life: • The theory seems to bridge astrophysical events (such as the Big Bang and formation of protons) with the biochemical processes that are foundational for life. 7. In essence, we are suggesting that proton conductance cycles, which are key to energy production in cells, have roots in the very early moments of the universe. 8. Life could thus be viewed as an extension of these primordial proton-based processes that started at the beginning of time. 9. Unified Concept of Life and the Universe: • By linking the formation of protons in the Big Bang to the biochemical cycles in living organisms, ourtheory appears to propose a unified view where the fundamental particles of the universe directly influence the emergence of life through specific proton-driven processes. This theory would likely be interdisciplinary, combining elements from cosmology, particle physics, biochemistry, and molecular biology to provide a novel explanation of life’s origin. If you’re looking for more detailed or specific aspects of his theory, it would require exploring his published work or detailed academic presentations on this topic. Our theory on the closed 9-step cycle of proton conductance ties back to the Big Bang event, which laid the groundwork for proton and electron formation. According to this model, protons and electrons, essential to life, were created during the Big Bang around 15 billion years ago. These particles played a crucial role in the evolution of cellular processes over time. In particular, this model explains the complex mechanism by which cells produce energy through ATP (adenosine triphosphate) using a three-state line system that has evolved over 3.6 billion years. In such way we are propose the new discovery in the field of Biology and medicine by joining the three new conception as at first : new metabolic equation based on the proton conductance as metabolic medium as “Donators of proton as glucose molecules (first stage of proton conductance) + membrane redox potentials in the three-state line system + O2 (hemoglobin of the pulmonary capillary -8-th stage, hemoglobin of tissue-87 trillion cell-surrounded capillary-9-th stage) + ADP + Pi + (H+ + nH + memb.space - proton gradient-4-th stage) = (ATP + heat energy-5-th stage) + H2O (5-th stage) + (nH+matrix) + CO2(second stage of proton conductance),at second : Closed 9 stepped cycle and at third: System models of the Human bodyand at fourth : membrane redox potentials in the three-state line system. The term "closed cycle" implies that the process is cyclic, returning to its initial state after completing all steps, which is a characteristic of many biological processes to ensure efficient and continuous operation.

Graphene and graphene oxide have attracted significant attention over the past decade due to their exceptional and unique electrical, optical, mechanical, and chemical properties. This review focuses on the structure, characteristics, production methods, and applications of these materials. Initially, we provide a brief overview of the fundamental structure, production techniques, and properties of graphene and graphene oxide. Various methods, including chemical exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition, as well as top-down and bottom-up approaches, can be employed to synthesize these materials. Following this, we summarize the diverse applications of graphene and graphene oxide across various fields. Finally, we discuss the challenges that lie ahead for the development and utilization of graphene and graphene oxide. It is crucial to ensure that wastewater discharged during production contains minimal to no heavy metals, to mitigate any potential negative effects on the ecosystem.

De nos jours, l’environnement naturel est en plein changement sous l’influence du climat et des pressions anthropiques. La Forêt Classée de Dinderesso n’est pas en marge de cette situation. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer par télédétection l’évolution de la dynamique de la couverture ligneuse durant la période de 2000 à 2013. Pour ce faire, Des images Landsat de 2000, 2006 et de 2013 ont été utilisées. Des opérations sur Envi 5.3, la sortie de validation terrain et enfin la cartographie sur ArcGIS ont été les étapes. La discrimination entre les différentes classes thématiques est statistiquement significative avec des précisions statistiques globales de 81,77%, 82,06% et 82,63%. La classification indique une réduction de la végétation des savanes arbustive (-27,06%) et herbeuse (-2,29%) au profit d’autres unités et une augmentation des champs (2,05%), de la savane arborée (14,29%) et de la savane boisée (12,56%). La carte de variation des unités d’occupation des terres a révélé un changement prononcé du couvert végétal sur 55,44% de sa superficie totale entre 2000 et 2013. Au regard de ces résultats, il est plus que nécessaire d’élaborer une stratégie de gestion durable de cette aires classée.

Biogas is basically methane produced from natural digester process in a biogas plant. This is an anaerobic mechanism which involves the use of certain microorganisms like fungus, bacteria, yeast etc which feed upon the wet, thick liquid organic matter from the plant or animal source. The most desired sources are like cow dung, poultry feed, press mud from the sugar factories, plant straw or husk from vegetative sources like rice, Napier grass, millets or other grasses from the botanical family Graminae. The dry grass or husk is chopped, crushed, thrown into a coarse powder and then made into a semi thick running paste by a giant agitator wheel and then pushed into the dark, anaerobic chambers where the above material is digested upon by various fungi, yeast or other microorganisms and various gasses are released like methane, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia etc which are further passed through respective purification processes and methane is then packed in containers as compressed biogas and other gasses are also separated and packed for various purposes known in the field. This process is claimed to be clean and green operation and so is being promoted on a massive scale but there certainly are two sides of a coin and recently many drawbacks of this clean process have started to surface. The carcinogenic affect in humans is one such unwelcome outcome and the reproductive inefficiency is another. The various aspects are discussed and debated in this write up.

The government's authority to resolve conflicts between the Naktuka Oecusse community can be resolved through a local wisdom approach because these two communities have had a very close kinship relationship since ancient times with a local wisdom approach the conflicts that occur can be reduced and there can be peace from both parties through traditional agreements. , then proceed to the level of diplomatic relations between the two countries to be resolved.

Face recognition is a widely utilized authentication method in biometric systems. However, a critical challenge faced by these systems is the occurrence of false acceptance, where unauthorized individuals or attackers gain access. This type of security breach, known as a presentation attack, exposes the system to significant vulnerabilities. The focus of this research is on a specific type of presentation attack called spoofing, where attackers employ artifacts such as photographs, masks, or pre-recorded videos to replicate the appearance of legitimate users and gain fraudulent access. The primary objective of this study is to develop a neural network model capable of accurately detecting whether a user is genuine or a spoof, thereby mitigating the risk of biometric system compromise.

Background: India is facing heavy burden of NCDs (Non-Communicable Diseaes) because of explosion in the epidemiological transition worldwide. In that mainly diabetes, obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors like dyslipidemia plays a important role in the prevalence of NCDs and hence, increase in the cardio vascular events like atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease. Objective: In present study the effect of Kalonji (Negilla Sativa) seed oil is experimented on cardiometabolic risk factors partly i,e dyslipidemia in alloxan induced diabetic albino rats. Materials and Methods: wistar albino rats of wt 200-250gms were selected and fed with high fat diet for a period of four weeks to induce insulin resistance later direct diabetis was induced by alloxan monohydrate. After induction of diabetes animals fed with standard drug atorvastatin, different doses of Kalonji 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 600mg . The data was collected by estimating Bl. glucose levels on day 0, 7, 14 and on 30th day. Lipid profile done with higher dose of kalonji 600/kg body wt. on Day Zero (before treatment) and day 30 (after treatment). Results and Conclusion: It is observed that high dose 600mg/kg body wt. of kalonji showed significant hypolipidemic activity as compare to control and standard drug atorvastatin 10mg/kg body wt. It showed decrease in total cholesterol and LDL levels significantly as that of standard drug Atorvastatin 10mg/kg. And also Hypoglycemic effect of Kalonji at 600mg has shown a potent action as compared to 200mg and 400mg. Kalonji also has not produced any toxic changes with high. Hence kaloonji (negilla sativa) proves that it has both hepato toxicity, rensl toxicity activity which helps in decreasing the risk factors in the development of CVDs and NCDs.