Aim of present study was to compare the adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity and Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH) in various types of arthritis conditions with synovial effusion. No. significant difference was observed in ADA activity in synovial fluid of control and study groups in various arthritic conditions. The highest value of ADA activity and LDH was observed in synovial fluid of patients with tubercular arthritis followed by rheumatoid, septic, osteo and post traumatic arthritis. Thus measurement of ADA activity and LDH in synovial fluid can be used as a parameter of differential diagnosis of arthritis and monitoring the disease activity.