May 2021

Two schiff bases containing 1, 2, 4-triazole as subunits were synthesized in high yields. Their coordination properties were characterized by UV-vis spectra, and the results showed that the active groups on the subunit had great effect on the coordination properties of Schiff bases.

The earliest method of sewage cleaning is manual scavenging. Manual scavenging is the hand excavation done by laborers which were moved down the manholes (a small covered opening in a paved area allowing access beneath, especially one leading to a sewer) for the clogged sewage lines. Sewage system is used for the disposal of wastes but due to manual scavenging there may be loss of human life while cleaning the blockages manually. Now a day’s automation is necessary to reduce the human efforts and to provide the solution to all the problems by which chances of getting better accuracy will increase. But in the sewage cleaning system it is a challenging task to design the safe sewage cleaning system with optimum design and make it possible to get the better result. So this semi-automated sewage cleaning machine is used to reduce the manual scavenging or work. This is going to help the poor labourers to work safely and their health problems also be reduced to greater extent. They do have not go down the manholes for the cleaning and just control the machine from outside. Also by this machine we can do more work in less time.

BACKGROUND: Restrictive methods such as physical restraint are utilized in mental health facilities as part of patient care by nurses to prevent inpatients from injuring themselves, other patients, or hospital staff (Whittington, Baskind, & Paterson, 2006) but the use of restraints as a non-pharmacological intervention has long been a controversial practice (Barton, Johnson, & Price, 2009). The aim of the study was to reduce prevalence physical restraint incidents and improve patient safety through early intervention. The study was conduct in a 30-bed capacity acute inpatient psychiatric unit at Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Participants included Inpatient Psychiatric unit nurses including Head Nurses, Charge Nurses, registered nurses and patients admitted under admission criteria. METHODS: The FOCUS-PDCA methodology as a quality improvement tool deployed to undertake this project. A pilot study conducted as a baseline assessment to determine contributing risk factors in the increase of physical restraint incident through documentation review of medical records for 3 months. Restraint Incident Log Book (RILB) used for data extraction on daily number of physically restraint patients against the total occupied bed per days to indicate physical restraint rate. Literature review done to identify the effective monitor tool for data collection. INTERVENTION: A Root Cause Analysis conducted to understand the performance variation to propose effective measure in reduction of physical restraint rate. Through formal discussion, the staff identified early recognition through risk assessment and early intervention of verbal de-escalation for implementation to improve the performance. RESULTS: Upon initiation of Quality Improvement Project on March 2020 and implementation of the action plan, the performance improvement was moving towards the target. After the implementation of training education program, early risk assessment, early intervention, restoration therapeutic room and effective verbal de-escalation techniques, the performance restraint rate reached target benchmark of 15 per 1,000 beds day. In fact, the prevalence of physical restraint rate reduced significantly after two PDSA cycles, from 52 per 1,000 beds day in mid-March 2020 to zero per 1,000 beds day by end of August 2020 and sustained improvement within the target benchmark thereafter. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of contributing factors and implementation of effective communication, education training program, early risk assessment-intervention and renovation of therapeutic room was a hallmark for the improvement in physical restraint rate. Leadership also played an essential role in the success of the project by upholding the departmental goal of zero patient harm and creating the culture of safety within psychiatric settings. Although the road to achieve zero harm far off but it is not impossible, additional work is need in several key areas, specifically in assigning a dedicated therapeutic room and introduce non-crisis intervention to replace current outdate practice.

Contexte: La mortalité maternelle et périnatale reste un problème majeur enrépublique démocratique du Congo, la disponibilité et la dispensation des soins obstétricaux et néonataux d’urgence reste faible; rendant nécessaire une étude de la parturition dans notre milieu. Méthodes : Cetteétude est une étude descriptive transversale des cas d’accouchements spontanés ou assistés par voie vaginale ou par césarienne sur grossesses à terme monofoetales, gémellaires, sur présentation longitudinale, oblique, transversale survenus dans le département de gynéco-obstétrique en 2018 et de Janvier à Mai 2019.484 femmes ont été retenues à cet effet. Distance parcourue, âge, parité, dilatation à l’admission, mode d’accouchement, APGAR, complications du postpartum étaientles variables étudiées. Résultats : La plupart des accouchées à l’Hôpital Général de Référence Malemba(HGR) étaient jeunes avec un âge moyen de 27,3±7,3 ans, une parité moyenne de 3,6±3,05 ; elles ont parcouru en moyenne 5±7,5 km pour arriver à l’hôpital. Elles se sont présentées dans 51% des cas avec une dilatation complète. 75% des accouchements étaient par voie vaginale, 25% des césariennes pour la plupart des primo césariennes dans le contexte d’urgence maternelle et\ou fœtale. Nous avons noté 11% des mort-nés frais, plusieurs cas des décès maternels chez des paucipares et multipares et fistules vésico-vaginales chez les primipares. Un taux faible d’interventions en cours de travail. Conclusion: Une évaluation rapide des cas et une décision avec prise en charge adaptée s’avère nécessaire la plupart du temps et également une communication permanente avec les communautés.L’utilisation optimale du système de référence par les référents et la compréhension de ce système par les communautés.

Marketing describes unsatisfied wants and needs. It determines, calculates, and quantifies the size and profit potential of the defined sector. It decides which segments the business is ideally suited to serve and then designs and promotes the required products and services. Marketing is the science and art of finding, designing, and providing value to a target market while making a profit.”Online food ordering in India is becoming increasingly common among Indian consumers. It has been observed to rise at a steady rate of 15% over the last year and is projected to grow at the same rate in the coming years. The proliferation of online food ordering in the Indian market is largely due to the country's smartphone penetration, which is estimated to be at 28 percent. The study discusses the purchasing habits and perceptions of Indian customers in relation to the most widely used online food ordering applications. To provide a more in-depth analysis, the ordering pattern has been categorised based on demographic factors such as age and employment status. The study was conducted in two phases, primary and secondary, and is primarily quantitative in nature. Swiggy, Zomato, Foodpanda, and Ubereats are among the companies that have received a lot of attention in the study. The primary research sought responses through a questionnaire, while the secondary research sought information from magazines, research papers, and news articles. Swiggy, Zomato, Foodpanda, and Ubereats are among the companies that have received a lot of attention in the study. The study studies the root causes of Indian customers' change from conventional approaches to home delivery, the scale of these food delivery startups, and the industry's future. The study aims to uncover consumers' secret mindsets about the faith and confidence they have in these online food aggregators, as well as the factors influencing the customer's attitude toward the online food delivery apps. A total of 165 responses were received based on the primary study. Every app's value propositions and differentiating factors. person analysis based on these answers The data was then analysed using statistical methods, and the findings indicated that the number of males ordering food online was slightly higher than females, owing to males' lack of cooking skills. Further investigation revealed that about 16.36 percent of individuals between the ages of 18 and 29 ordered food on a regular basis, indicating that ‘Students' were making the most online orders on these food distribution applications. According to the findings, there is a tremendous scope for growth for online food aggregators, and they can take advantage of this ability to expand in the Indian market. Furthermore, additional insights showed that a substantial portion of the rural sector remains substantially unexplored and will deliver more opportunities in the coming years as technology penetration in rural areas of the country increases.

There has been an increased interest among scholars to investigate supply chain resilience (SCRes) in manufacturing and service operations during emerging situations. Grounded in the SCRes theory, this study provides insights into the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the automobile and airline supply chain. Both the short and long-term response strategies adopted by the two supply chains are assessed, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques in three distinct phases. In phase one, we use a sequential mixed-method for resilience evaluation, integrating Time-to-Recovery (TTR) and Financial Impact (FI) analysis. In phase two, we conduct an empirical survey involving 145 firms to evaluate the short-term SCRes response strategies. In the third phase, we conduct semi-structured interviews with supply chain executives both from the automobile and airline industries to understand the long-term SCRes response strategies. Our findings indicate that: (i) the automobile industry perceived that the best strategies to mitigate risks related to COVID-19, were to develop localized supply sources and use advanced industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies. (ii) The airline industry on the other hand, perceived that the immediate need was to get ready for business continuity challenges posed by COVID-19, by defining their operations both at the airports and within the flights. (iii) Importantly, both the sectors perceived Big Data Analytics (BDA) to play a significant role by providing real-time information on various supply chain activities to overcome the challenges posed by COVID-19. (iv) Cooperation among supply chain stakeholders is perceived, as needed to overcome the challenges of the pandemic, and to accelerate the use of digital technologies.

Teacher training is an important training of teacher preparation. The trainers play an important role and therefore any variable that affects them affect their service delivery. The service delivery is measured by the trainees performance in examination. It has been observed that quality passes among teacher trainees in Public Teacher Training Colleges in the country has been on the decline. The recent data reveals that out of 12,438 candidates who sat Primary Teacher Education examinations in 2017, only 5 candidates scored distinctions, 4992 had credit, 886 had pass, 5739 failed while 13 had their results cancelled. Furthermore performance among Teacher Trainees has been noted to be declining since 2014, as ranking as per college mean for Primary Teacher Education analysis 2016 results among the top 5 primary teachers training colleges indicated that there has been poor performance since 2014. The previous studies reviewed had captured job satisfaction among primary and secondary school teachers and did not establish the link job satisfaction and performance among tutors in relation to institutional factors. It is from this view point that the current study was conducted with an intent to establish the influence of job satisfaction and performance among tutors in public primary teacher training colleges. Objective of the study was to determine the influence of institutional factors on job satisfaction and performance among Tutors in public primary teacher training colleges. A conceptual framework was used to show how dependent, independent and intervening variables interrelate to influence job satisfaction among tutors and how it impacts on trainees performance. The study established that Institutional factors were found to have influence on job satisfaction and performance among tutors in public primary teacher training colleges as signified with a mean rating of 4.13 which according to level of job satisfaction indicator was high thus confirming that it had influence on Tutors performance. In conclusion the study established that institutional factors had significant influence on job satisfaction and subsequently influenced teacher trainees’ performance. The study recommended that further research be done and extraneous variables not used during the present study be investigated. It further recommended that the findings be used by college administrators, Ministry of Education, Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development and Teachers Service Commission to initiate and develop policies that could help and improve job satisfaction among teachers in the Kenya.

The roots of the Unlawful Acts (Prevention) Amendment are often traced back to colonial times; in 1908 the British Raj implemented the criminal law Amendment Act. This act, for the first time, brought into the purview of the concept of “unlawful association.” At the time, the act was accustomed criminalise the leaders of the Indian Freedom Struggle. Once the Indian government attained freedom in 1947, the administration decided to keep the provisions of the Criminal Law Amendment. However, on the flipside, the Nehru government began to use the provision against their own citizens; i.e., against dissidents who spoke out against the policies of the Indian National Congress. In the subsequent years, the Indian Judiciary however held in cases like in – V.G Row v. State of Madras; AK Gopalan v. State of Maharashtra; and also, the Romesh Thapar v. State of Madras, in essence, collectively held that fundamental rights of the citizens are often curtailed only within the foremost extreme and within the rarest of the rarest circumstances; which any statute, legislation, or executive decision that aim towards curtailing said rights, will be held unconstitutional. On the concept of these judgements, the judiciary held that Section 124A of the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act was unconstitutional as they put arbitrary, and unreasonable restriction on the ability of the citizens to enjoy their fundamental rights.The provisions of the UAPA are violative of the fundamental rights guaranteed to the citizens of India. The freedom of speech and expression guaranteed under article 19(1)(a) and Article 20 and 21 is being crushed by over-empowering the government with the assistance of the draconian act of UNLAWFUL ACTIVITIES (PREVENTION) ACT,1967 and the amendment Act of 2019.To overcome such restrictions put by the Indian judiciary, the first amendment to the constitution was introduced, wherein there was significant tweaking done to the language of Article 19 of the Indian constitution; the phrases “public order” and “friendly relations with states” were added under the purview of “reasonable restrictions”. The consequence of such an amendment was that the phrase “public order” was used arbitrarily by the government in situ of the now-repealed 124A section of the criminal law (Amendment), and dissidents of the government was being rounded under the justification of them violating “reasonable restrictions.” The arbitrariness of the government further increased within the subsequent years; perhaps the foremost prominent example of this was seen in 1963 when India was engaged during a war with China, and to suppress the regional dissidents of the government’s policies and critics of the war against China, the 16th Amendment to the constitution was passed by the Parliament. The 16th amendment further tweaked Article 19 to feature that the government can put “reasonable” restrictions on the interest of “sovereignty and integrity” of the state. This clause was essentially added to allow the government a blank check to detain anyone or groups that demanded autonomy or demanded to secede from the Union.

Rash Behari Bose is well-known in Japan for the Nakamura-ya no Indo Cāre (Indian curry of Nakamura shop). Presently they have some chain shops in Japan andit is very famous among the Japanese people. Rash Behari Bose introduced Indian curry in Japan, carrying the real taste of India with it. Presently there are many Indian shops throughout Japan but the Nakamura’s curry remains different and unique. Apart from this, his contribution in Indian independence is unforgettable. His connection with many Japanese nationals and high-level officers helpedIndian independence movement in various ways. He left India and become stateless until his marriage in Japan. His role in the independence movement is often overlooked in India, but peopleof Japanstill rememberhim and love to go to Nakamura shop and enjoy the taste of Indian curry.

We describe a unique case of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) arising in the scapula of a 2-year old male child masquerading as an aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) at clinical presentation and onimaging. Coordination of MRI and open biopsy was conducted. MRI revealed an expansile, multi-loculated, septated lesion involving the scapular body and spine, consistent with ABC. Frozen section biopsy favored ABC based on the presence of bloody and cystic areas associated with histiocytes, bland fibroblasts, osteoclast-like giant cells, and hemosiderin deposition. However, final pathological analysis revealed blood-filled cystic spaces lined with fibroblasts, multinucleated giant cells and focal collections of S100+ and CD1a+ histiocytes, consistent with LCH. Following biopsy, the entire lesion was ompletely curetted, leaving only a rim of bone around the native scapula. high speed bur was used to further extend the margins around the lesion to ensure it was entirely removed. Conclusion: This case is of interest as scapular involvement is only occasionally noted in LCH cases. Furthermore, solitary bone involvement in our patient’s age group is uncommon in LCH without multi-organ involvement. Lastly, there are only two reported cases in the literature of LCH masquerading as an ABC, with this being the third. Careful pathologic examination and immunohistochemical was crucial in establishing this diagnosis due to the presence of a solitary lesion with fluid-fluid levels.

We have created a formula to calculate the number of primes less than or equal to any given positive integer ‘ n ‘ . It is denoted by π (n) . This is a fundamental concept in number theory and it is difficult to calculate. A prime number can be divided by 1 and the number itself. The set of all primes can be written as { 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,...............}. The Prime Counting Function was conjectured in the end of 18th century by the famous Mathematician Gauss and Legendre Sir, to be approximately x/(ln x) .But in this paper we are presenting the real formula, by applying the modern approach, that is by applying the basic concept of set theory.

Health is determined by several factors including genetic inheritance, personal behaviors, access to quality health care, and the general external environment - like quality of air, water and housing conditions. In recent years, scientists and epidemiologists have turned their attention to a growing range of social and cultural variables as antecedents of health. These variables include SES, race/ ethnicity, gender and sex roles, immigration status and acculturation, poverty and deprivation, social network and social support, and the psychological work environment, in addition to aggregate characteristics of the social environments- distribution of income, social cohesion and collective efficacy. In the present era media plays an important role in people’s lives. Watching television, surfing World Wide Web, Listening Music, Reading Newspaper and Magazines, all are time framing production of mass media around the clock. The proliferation of communication technologies, audio-visual learning, encourages omnipresence of the media in daily life. Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PCM) is the burning social cohesion and unrest among the tribal people specially who is residing deep inside the forest, their nutritional value in daily food habit was based on forest collection only. But illiteracy, lack of awareness, shy behaviour and socio-economic proviso did not explore such endeavor to avail proper nutrition. Thus, they are suffering from Malnutrition since decades. The present study peered into Media involvements which effectuate a challengeable ensue to the Santal and Lodha population of the tribal village, Jual Bhanga. The potential role of the media as an actor in the public health ensue, that is, how it can use its presence and power to lead to the mobilization of societal action that creates a challengeable conditions for restriction and protection of Malnutrition in the process of eradication from grass-root level, while Jual Bhanga Tribal village is an unique accumulation towards socio-economic amplifications.

In the present investigation an assessment was made on the potential renal transplant subjects involving HLA typing of the donor and recipient (Table 5.1 - 5.10) , screening for alloantibody against HLA, and obtaining a history of sensitizing events. HLA typing ideally includes A; B; C; DRB1; DRB3,4,5; DQB1; DQA; DPB1; and DPA; but this is not always performed. The single antigen bead (SAB) solid-phase assay is most commonly used as the first line of screening for alloantibody, but multi-antigen screening beads can also be used. In the tables mentioned above, 5.1 - 5.5 imply live donors, while the tables 5.6 - 5.10 are based on cadaveric donors. Furthermore, the criteria such as CDC HLA crossmatch, PRA Class - I and II HLA, PCR-SSOP are pre transplant data, while the remaining such as DSA IgG HLA Class-I and II, SAB-FCXM HLA Class - I and II , NGS - Illumina MiniSeq are post transplant data. Besides in the current pursuit, more importance was given to renal transplant data, than liver, heart and lung. The data were also analysed in the light of advanced statistical and computational tools and expressed as graphics and tables (5.21 - 5.24).

Background: Term babies are those who are born between 37 weeks 0 days and 42 weeks. They are further subdivided into early term (between 37 weeks and 38 weeks) and full term (between 37 weeks and 38 weeks). The objectives of this review are to examine the effect of early-term birth on adverse neonatal outcomes and developmental disabilities. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google scholar from January 2007 to December 2020, for studies investigating the associations between early-term birth and neonatal mortality, morbidity and long term developmental outcomes. Results: Twenty two studies were included in the review, of which fourteen compared morbidity and mortality rates and eight assessed any adverse developmental outcomes among the subgroups of term babies. Reviewed studies found that early-term birth was associated with increased neonatal mortality, poor neonatal outcomes and short term and long term developmental disabilities. Conclusion: The included trials in this review involved a sizeable population, with good quality with limited reporting for adjusting the outcomes for obstetric, social and regional factors. We recommend to assess the benefits or harms before planning early birth and to carefully follow infants born early term for neurodevelopmental disabilities.

Background: The current global pandemic (SARS Covid-19), was first detected in Wuhan, in December 2019. The increasing magnitude and significance of identifying the cases have accentuated the importance of diagnostic approaches to Covid-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Major challenges are being faced in various phases of laboratory diagnosis, from pre-analytical to post-analytical processes. Although the gold-standard method for testing is real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), various limitations such as low sensitivity at early stages of infection, longer turn-around time (TAT) and influence of external factors have been reported in various studies. Choosing ideal targetsfor nuclei acid amplification tests (NAATs) are important to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the assays and lower the limit of detection.At present computed tomography (CT) of chest has been reported as a reliable diagnostic technique, even in rRT-PCR false-negative cases. Immunodiagnostic assays are being developed recently to overcome the short-comings in rRT-PCR method, to confirm the active cases, as well as determine the immune status of asymptomatic patients. Reverse-transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) based assays, have been suggested as rapid, cost-effective point-of-care tests (POCTs). Currently various diagnostic assays are under development based on isothermal amplification, CRISPR, nanotechnology, biosensors and AI (artificial intelligence), most with potential for POCTs. Aim: To identify and compare the relevance of various techniques and tests under development to detect Covid-19. Methods: Original articles, review articles, commentaries and short communications regarding the assays to detect Covid-19 were thoroughly examined to summarise the observations. Conclusion: Understanding the biological properties of the virus is crucial forthe development of new diagnostic approaches which can provide precise identification with high sensitivity, specificity, and short TAT, thus aiding in real-time patient management and controlling spread of infection.”

The Goods and Service Tax (GST) is the greatest and considerable circuitous expense change since 1947. The principle thought of GST is to supplant existing expenses like esteem included assessment, extract obligation, administration duty and deals charge. GST as it is known is good to go to be a distinct advantage for the Indian economy. The goods and service tax (GST) are a value added tax levied in India on the supply of goods and services. It is a comprehensive multistage, destination based on one nation one tax. Goods & Service Tax has made large scale changes in the working pattern of all the sectors of Indian Economy. One of the sectors is construction industry. GST on construction sector hiked to 18%. The government has hiked the Goods Service Tax Rate for the construction sector to 18% from 12%.

Individuals who are overweight or obese have greater risk of disease compared to those who are in healthy weight range. Sleep is a recurring state of mind and body, which is distinguished by altered alertness, relatively inhibits or decreases the sensory activities, voluntary muscle movements during the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The changes during sleep were recorded and monitored using electroencephalography (EEG), electrooculography (EOG), and electromyography (EMG). The circadian clock regulates the sleep cycle. Sleep disturbances, especially obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and insufficient sleep duration will affect physical, mental, and social well-being. The sample consists of 244 college students of B. Pharm, M. Pharm, first 4 years of Pharm D from Shri Vishnu college of pharmacy in the west Godavari, Andhra Pradesh. The PSQI utilized in assessing sleeping patterns. BMI calculated using self-reported height and weight. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, and logistic regression analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 20. The results were, overall sleep quality rating during the past month was 46.7% (fairly good), 40.2% (very good). No statistically significant difference in the BMI was found between those who achieved >71.7% and <71.7% overall grade. The conclusion is, overall data revealed impairment with the sleep duration and patterns of college students. Poor-quality sleep increases the risk for health problems. This study shows that sleep disturbances are significantly linked to overweight and obesity. We suggest the need of wellness programs and health initiatives to promote healthy sleeping habits among college students.

COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the academic culture into virtual mode. The unexpected exchange from traditional approach of learning to a new approach of learning accomplishment with technology didn’t allow any probability to students as well as teachers for designing any accurate plan for teaching, assessment, technical setting or providing any support thereof. However, now both students & teachers have become more familiar with video lectures, white board, sharing screen and online evaluation process. Therefore, the present paper aimed to study the attitude of students towards online examination in South Bengal. The data were collected from 170 students experienced with online examination system in Nadia district. The findings of the study indicate that there is no significant difference in the attitude of students irrespective of gender, habitat and qualification. They believe that due to insufficient technical structure offline examination is more reliable than online examination.

A 65 year old male patient who was given dexamethasone intravitreal implant (DEX implant; Ozurdex, Allergan Inc.) 1 week ago presented to us with chief complaint of sudden decrease in vision since 3 days. On slit lamp examination corneal edema was noted and we found the ozurdex implant in anterior chamber.The DEX implant is a non-tethered biodegradable sustained release implant containing 0.7 mg dexamethasone in the Novadur (Allergan) solid polymer drug-delivery system. These implants can occasionally migrate into the anterior chamber, causing vision-threatening complications that involve permanent corneal decompensation. We would like to report this case of early migration of ozurdex pellet into anterior chamber and review the literature pertaining to the anterior chamber migration of implant.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic autoimmune disease influencing 0.5–1% of the population. The RA diagnosis is based essentially on clinical and biological parameters, even though the novel American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) sortingstandardscomprise MRI and ultra-sound (US) as extra tools to evaluatethe objective joint connection. Our study to evaluate the values of Ultra-sound 7 scores in the diagnosis of sub-clinical synovitis in the early RA- Cases and its correlation with the disease activity score (DAS28). Results: A significant positive, but moderate association was found between DAS28 score and GSUS synovitis total score (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) and fair positive association with power Doppler synovitis total score (r = 0.44, p < 0.001). DAS28 was not connected to total erosion score (r = 0.045, p = 0.754). Conclusion: Ultrasound 7 is simple and practical scoring system and we recommend it for usage in the diagnosis of sub-clinical synovitis in the early RA-cases.

Background : Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused mental health distortion in the among citizens across the globe. Healthcare workers have sustained frontline effort to curb the spread of the virus. However, few studies have investigated the impact COVID-19 on the psychological wellbeing in Saudi Arabia despite being among countries with high prevalence cases. The review aimed to determine the psychological impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on HCWs in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Systematic review was used for literature search in PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library. Eligibility criteria was applied to screen and select 10 scholarly studies from the electronic databases. Centre for Evidence-Based Management (CEBMa) checklists were used to assess methodological quality of the studies while critical analysis of the ten studies facilitated data extraction. A narrative synthesis of different themes from the studies was presented. Results: Findings revealed cases of high psychological distress among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia. The HCWs registered stress, depression, insomnia, fear, anxiety, and worries about personal or family health. Female physicians and nurses showed higher distress levels than their male healthcare professionals. Conclusion: COVID-19 has led to psychological distress among Saudi HCWs. Administrators and policymakers should improve organizational resilience, counselling, onsite therapy, and work-life balance. Further studies should establish longitudinal studies to determine the varied mental health outcomes of male versus female HCWs to understand gaps in mental health vulnerabilities due to COVID-19 pandemic.

Eosinophils are known moderators of innate and adaptive immunity. However, studies focusing on the role of Tumor-Associated Tissue Eosinophils (TATE) in oral squamous cell carcinoma are limited, keeping which in mind, the present study was conducted. AIM: To evaluate tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia in mild and moderate oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHOD: 30 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of histopathologically proven oral squamous cell carcinoma cases were retrieved from the department archive. Two sections of 4μm of each block were subjected to staining by routine Hematoxylin and Eosin stain and Carbol Chromotrope stain. TATE was graded based on the modified classical counting method (Alkhabuli and High, 2006). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT: Statistically significant association was found between TATE count and oral squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The positive correlation between TATE count and increasing oral squamous cell carcinoma grades could indicate its role as a prognostic marker. We further concluded that Carbol chromotrope couldbe a better stain for TATE than routine hematoxylin and eosin.

Background: Headache is one of the top ten commonest reasons for doctors' consultations. The aim of this study is to identify whether the traditional and alternative medicine practices play a role in the treatment of the headache and relieves head pain. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional study among the population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. data were collected by using validated self-administered questionnaire. The participant had to answer multiple questions, including demographics factors and questions related to the study objectives. Confidentiality was ensured. Results: In this study, we had collected 486 responses with a mean age of participants was 35.47 with standard deviations of 12.5 years. The percentage of participants who reported knowing about traditional or alternative medicine in the treatment of headache finding that only 30.8 % of participants indicated that they knew these medicines and 36.5 % had tried some of them. Moreover, we did not find any relation between any demographic factors and using of alternative medications however, we noticed some consideration. Conclusion: In conclusion, we found a low prevalence of using alternative medications among the population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This reflects the good knowledge of the population in Saudi Arabia about alternative medications however, there is a need for developing policies and education programs for both population and physicians to improve the relationship between them.

Education has been observed as the very crucial development tool throughout the World. The education system in India has become a great movement, both in terms of resources allocated and the number of persons involved, these include, teachers, students and the administrators in all aspects. Since the post-independence period, there was noticed huge rate of expansion in education in India at all levels but till now light of education can’t reach at all corner in our country. Especially most of the backward state in India facing lots of problem about elementary education. Purulia is the most backward state in West Bengal, here literacy rate is too poor than other regions. Here I selected Rigid Gram Panchayet (GP) for study purpose which is one of the extreme backward GP in respect to education. According to 2011 Indian Census Report 44.1% people are literate under which only 14.2% women are educated which highlighted the poor condition of education in Rigid. Higher education of that region also facing great threaten due to socio economic backwardness and lack of awareness. That’s why here try to analyse the reasons behind the educational backwardness and how can we manage total circumstances. Objectives of the study are to find out the problems faced by the students in Schools, to analyse education condition of women, to interlink education and economic condition. If the government schools are not properly maintained and develop then there would be no development in the society as well as in the Country.

Dietary lifestyles certainly found to have direct influence on ageing process. Typically ageing is associated with increased susceptibility to degenerative process often exacerbated by nutritional inadequacy. Detrimental healthy life expectancy at ageing period is a significant global issue. An advance in functional foods has shown increased life expectancy, healed various lifestyle diseases as a preventive & ideal nutraceutical for geriatric. Evidences on the NCD interlinked with the nutritional etiology and morbidities outcomes among elderly in India are limited. Proposed review research yields new insight regarding functional food role on various age related ailments such as malnutrition, hypertension, bone fractures and frailty. In particular, this scientific data base establishes the impact of functional food as a comprehensive nutrition regime for the effective disease management that could diminishes chronic disease risks and nutritional deficits in Geriatric.

This study evaluated the blood hematological, immunity, organs lymphoid of combinations safflower oil (SO) and inositol (IN) in female Sentul chicken. A total of 81 birds, was 16 weeks old which were raised throughout 8 weeks. Nine experimental diets were formulated, control diet = SO 0% + IN 0%, SO = 0,5%, IN = 0,5%, SO = 1%, IN = 1%, SO 0,5 % + IN 0,5%, SO 0,5% +IN 1%, SO 1% + IN 0,5%, SO 1% +IN 1%. Used research a completely random design; nine experimental with three repetitions for each replicate of three birds. Were the variables being feed consumption, hematological, titer antibodies against New castle disease, avian influenza, and lymphoidorgans. The results showed the treatments had no significant (p<0.05) feed consumption on the first week of birds while in the second to the six-week application of different levels supplementation safflower oil and inositol application affected was significantly (p>0.05) affected feed consumption and did not significant difference (p >0.05) of hematological, titer antibody of ND,In contrast, AI was highly significantly different (p < 0.01), the spleen and thymus did not have a significant difference (P>0, 05) while the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius was high significantly (P<0, 05). The application supplementation safflower oil with inositol had no negative effect on hematological, still produced relatively similar of blood, increased the feed consumption at (IN 0.5 %), weight in bursa Fabricius at (SO 1%+IN 1%) , increased response immune indices of titer antibody at (SO1%)(IN 1%)( SO 0.5%+IN 1%) this indicates healthy of chicken.

Background: There have been substantial increases in newer business models like business process outsourcing (BPOs) in last two decades in India. Various factors have contributed to the conducive environment in India for these businesses to boom which include, cheaper labor costs and the pool of skilled, English speaking Indians have been the foremost factors. The employees working at night may be unable to sleep adequately during daytime, which can compromise their health status. Few studies indicate that the night shift duties result in serious health concerns for call center employees, it was observed that sleep disorders were present among 83% of employees. Objectives: To assess the sleep quality using Athens insomnia scale. Methods: The present study is a cross sectional study. Results: The mean age of employees in the study was 25.35 years. Majority of the employees were males 78.4% were males; most of them were unmarried 87.5%, 11.5% married, and rest of the 1 % were divorced. Most of the employees were graduates i.e. 84.2% and 7% were post-graduates; rest of the employees had diplomas. In the present study, majority of the employees worked in night shift or changing shift 83% the remaining 17 % worked in day shift. 82 % of the participants worked for 7–9 hours per day, rest of the 18.0% worked for 9–14 hours per day. About 48% of the employees were cigarette smokers. 91.4% of these were males and 8.6% were females. Most of the 56% of the employees who smoked cited the reason for smoking as stress and 11% smoked to stay up at night. About 47% of the employees consumed alcohol. Only about 21.6% call employees did not have any type of sleep problems; 63.5% had suspected insomnia and 14.9% had insomnia according to the Athens insomnia scale. Conclusion The call center employees need to be screened for Regular health check-ups, the employees need to have access to consultation of counsellors and need to educated about the sleep hygiene and healthy lifestyle. Large scale multicentric studies should be conducted to better understand the epidemiology of the problem

The study appraised rubber tree plantations at Bandarbans Hill Tract in Bangladesh, to measure the biomass in plantations of different ages and to determine the organic carbon content and CO2 equivalence.The DBH and biomass growth were increased with the age of the plantations so as the carbon storage and carbon-di-oxide equivalence (CO2e). All of them were sharply increased upto 15th year from the beginning and become slower after 15th year. The average DBH, above-ground biomass, below-ground biomass, total biomass, carbon storage and carbon-di-oxide equivalence for rubber plantation were 15.15cm, 160.12 Mg ha-1, 27.41 Mg ha-1, 187.54 Mg ha-1, 93.97 Mg ha-1 and 344.14 Mg ha-1 respectively. The highest DBH (1.54 87cm ha-1 yr-1) and biomass (53.29 Mg ha-1 yr-1) growth were found between 10 to 15 years of rubber plantation where the average growth of DBH (1.01cm ha-1 yr-1) and biomass (23.71 Mg ha-1 yr-1). An average 11663.42 Tk ha-1yr-1 earn for rubber plantation in Bandarban hill tract only for keeping the tree in field. Three types of DBH based models were developed with strong mean R2 (Power = 0.99; Polynomial = 0.98 and Linear = 0.90) and all were highly significant (P < 0.05). The result will be explored the value of rubber plantation and helped the policy maker for advancing the management of forest in hilly area of Bangladesh.

In recent years there seen an increased incidence among women of fertile age (at the age of 28-45 years). In the Republic of Uzbekistan about 60% of CC are revealed in stage 1-2. Conservative treatment for early stage cervical cancer allows to save the life of a patient in most cases, however, leads to irreversible loss of fertility, depressions of different gravity, stress disorders and sexual dysfunction. Look forward to continued work produced in this area and have a score not only subjective, but also the objective status of a young woman, the study of reproductive behavior and quality of life, as well as remote results.

The interactions in gravity and in classical electrostatics have been revisited in (Conte, 2015, 2017) and it follows from this the taking into account of the temperatures in black body equilibrium for the neutral and charged masses thus involving two new and different writings of the relations of the resulting respective forces. This new conception of the effects of black body radiations in photonic fields which are superimposed in the structure of space-time in quantum entities EVTD2 requires that inside the entities exist material elements (concretizing the substrate of space-time) to capture and store these electromagnetic energies and they were originally named Substratum. From an electrical point of view, this Substratum corpuscle would be a dipole of very small dimensions internal to the EVTD2 and its spatial orientations would be correlated with the positive and negative pressures where the attractive and repulsive effects are generated in the new conceptions of gravity and electrostatics.

Corticosteroids are potent anti-inflammatory drugs that resemble cortisol, a naturally produced hormone by the body. Their main use is to reduce inflammation, especially when the body mistakenly triggers inflammation where it shouldn’t exist. Corticosteroids are widely used in the treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions affecting the oral and maxillofacial area and the adjacent associated structures. The diseases of the oral and maxillofacial region may be either local or the manifestation of systemic problem. Corticosteroids have their widest application in the management of acute and chronic conditions which have an allergic, immunologic, or inflammatory basis. Most of the oral and maxillofacial surgeons utilize corticosteroids based on their efficacy to control outcomes of surgery and to yield a comfortable post-surgery period. This paper reviews the uses of corticosteroids in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Most of the mankind is divided into two extreme views between the fatalists and non-believers in luck. Both these views are extreme views as a Creation’s luck appears to have two distinct components; one fixed component (scripted component) which is gifted to it by the Almighty at the time of its birth and second; a variable component (karma component) which could be cultivated by the Creation itself through its deeds by training of mind, planning of events, making preparations for the success of events, using social situations, personal strengths and by developing requisite intentions to assist the Almighty in running His majestic show of managing the activities of Universe. This variable component depends upon the Creation’s talent, capability of handling chance events, domain knowledge of the events, opposing forces, favouring forces and its capability to effect the change. The fixed component or the scripted component is dependent upon one’s origin, lineage, place of birth, date and time of birth, race, religion, caste, creed, class, sex etc. The total luck at any given point of time will be the sum total of the two components at that point of time. It can be concluded that every Creation has been given freedom by the Almighty to choose its own luck by making amendments in its scripted or by birth luck gifted by the Almighty through the variable component.

The periodic table of the chemical elements was most intuitively understood and, perhaps most universally accessible to innovators when atoms were classified as triads of elements adjacent by atomic weight. Such classification depicts and reveals underlying order in the physical world: with concepts such as Design Elegance and Parsimony of Mathematical Equations having been widely spoken of by eminent physicists. To designate and nominate a numerical value of 3.12 arc radians as the exact value of the Circumference to Diameter ratio-proportion of a closed contour (“pi”) could be a manifest travesty against mathematical exactitude: But only if adequate justification were not provided. The message of this written communication is that on account of hidden variables, the uncertain derivations that our best of science can infer about any cosmological constant: such “nominated” numerical value of pi = 3.12 falls clearly within the bounds of reasoning and approximation. Furthermore, designating such 2-decimal value for “pi” might not compromise critical applications such as planning trajectory for navigation to planetary bodies of our solar system, and as well, to local stellar objects of our Milky Way Galaxy. The gains in computational speed from simplifying computer code to faster process 2 places of decimal compared to floating points of several hundred places of decimal would be significant. Also, the natural advantage that ensues from 3.12 is that polar geometry representation is enabled for the paper napkin: with a simple scientific calculator of year 1985 vintage. The author takes this opportunity to introduce the geography and history relevant to contextual understanding of circular and spiral geometry and measurement.

Backgrounds: Grasp is defined as the static posture of the hand, through which an object is securely grasped regardless its orientation. Daily living activities are carried out using different types of grasps. Feeding is one of these activities where grasps are carried out on objects, utensils or products. It is associated with the "process of preparing, disposing of and bringing food or fluids, from the dish or glass, to the mouth". Objectives: With this study we intend to characterize the grasps used in activities of daily living, namely in the preparation of meals. Methods: As a descriptive-correlational study, relationships between variables are described to understand the use of grasps configurations and establish relationships between grasps, frequency, duration and types of objects. Four participants (two females and two males) selected by convenience, without pathology of the hand, with 18 to 64 years, who cook four times a week, were filmed performing the tasks in question. Data confidentiality and blind analysis of investigators were guaranteed. Results: Were found that in cooking activities, which elapsed for 18786 seconds, the most frequently used hand and for longer periods, was the right one. Thirty-one different types of holds were used and those that stood out for frequency and duration were the "Extension Indicator", "Thumb Adduced" and "Quadríade". Thus, force holds (with palmar and digital contact with all sets of force vectors, mostly with the thumb adduced), intermediate (with lateral contact, with all sets of forces except when the thumb is abducted) and precision (with palmar and lateral contact with all sets of force vectors) were used. Thus, we found that the greater the weight and diameter of the object, the greater the number of force vectors involved, which means more fingers in contact with the object. Therefore, we conclude that it is the prehensile object that influences the apprehension to be adopted, regardless of the sex and age of the individual. Conclusion: This work allows health professionals to know this activity considering the hand grasp and anticipate difficulties in occupational performance, make decisions about the intervention to be implemented, support assistive devices to be use, tasks to be adapted or training to be developed.

The purpose of this study is to understand the changes in CSR practices and activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic by organizations of different sectors across India. The outbreak of the coronavirus has led to serious changes in many businesses ranging from work from home to workforce reduction in many sectors. Despite the setbacks, many organizations are actively participating in helping society and the government get through these unprecedented times. Many firms usually focus on environmental and charitable activities while performing CSR but the focus rapidly shifts towards medical aspects due to the novel coronavirus where companies are seen performing activities like PPE distribution, awareness campaigns, economic help, donating in PM Cares Fund etc. This pandemic has also affected the CSR plans and models for the subsequent years in many firms. To conclude, the pandemic altered the way of CSR practices, led to many changes and has become an important lesson for the coming years to deal with any situation that might arise in the future

In the United States and the U.K., the inclusion of disability studies under the discipline of humanities and social sciences is based on the notion that political rights and academic discourses are intricately linked. According to Lennard J. Davies, the “problem” of disability does not lie with the person with disabilities but rather in the way that normalcy is constructed. The paper analyses critically the representation of Tourette syndrome in the movies Hichki and Front of the Class. Both these movies are adaptations of the autobiography of Brad Cohen, Front of the Class: How Tourette Syndrome Made Me the Teacher I Never Had. The paper also investigates how the teachers diagnosed with Tourette Syndrome (TS) become role models to their students by articulating the exact message of education. The films Hichki and Front of the Class have portrayed the discrimination, isolation and alienation which Naina and Brad Cohen were subjected to. While Brad Cohen works with kids who have TS, Naina works with a group of underprivileged students and becomes successful in transforming them into better students of refined character and behaviour. With her constant suggestions and training, she is able to improve the academic performance also of these students. These teachers become real role models who make a difference in the lives of others.

During the first two years of Jokowi-Jusuf Kalla Government (2014-2015) in Indonesia, precisely 18 death row inmates who were guilty of drugs had been executed. The government believed that death penalty is the effective solution to overcome the high rate of narcotics crime. It becomes an interesting case due to the pressure of hegemony of the European Union over the government of Indonesia. One of the major national media in Indonesia, namely Republika.co.id, supports the implementation of death penalty. This studied aims to reveal the counter-hegemonic representation of Republika.co.id in opposing the hegemony of the EU related to the issue of Human Rights, particularly death penalty. This study applied Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough and critical theory of Hegemony by Antonio Gramsci. The result shown that Republika represents counter-hegemonic in its reporting since it rejects the EU’s attitude considered to impose its standard principles of human rights on Indonesia.

Physical punishment and mental harassment for decades have been used as methods of managing pupil discipline in primary schools in Kenya. However there were outlawed vide the Basic Education Act, 2013. However, despite the ban, by the year 2015, Emuhaya Sub-County recorded a higher rate of indiscipline cases whereby Emuhaya Sub county recorded 833 (53%) cases, 644(43%) in Vihiga Sub-County, 543(37%) in Hamisi Sub county and 2750 (42%) at national level. The objective of the study was to establish the influence of implementation of ban of physical punishment on pupil discipline in Emuhaya Sub County. A conceptual framework consisting of implementation of ban of physical punishment as the independent variable and pupil discipline as the dependent variable was used. The results showed that the overall mean rating on extent of implementation of ban of physical punishment was 2.89, meaning the implementation of ban was rated as moderate. A significant positive relationship between physical punishment ban on implementation and level of pupil indiscipline was established, whereby the ban of physical punishment accounted for 35.9% of the improvement in the level of pupil indiscipline. The study concluded that there was a moderate positive relationship between the ban of physical punishment and pupil discipline. The study recommends that ban of physical punishment be fully implemented in primary schools. The study is significant in informing the stakeholders in education for example learners, teachers, policy makers and members of school management boards that the ban on physical punishment and mental harassment is indeed improving pupil discipline in public primary schools and should be implemented fully.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T- cell mediated mucocutaneous disease of autoimmune origin affecting stratified squamous epithelium in 0.5-2.6% population. Genetic predisposition, stress, anxiety, hepatitis C, immunocompromising status, dental materials, certain drugs have been found to cause lichen planus but with lack of evidence. It is associated with the increased risk of developing into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Transformation rate of OLP to OSCC in some review ranged from 0.4 – 5.6% and in another from 0% to 12.5%. Considering its malignancy potential, it seems important to have a standardized diagnostic criteria, treatment, and clinical follow-up of patients with OLP so that the disease is diagnosed at an early stage and cured on time. Here we present a case of 50-year-old female who reported with erosive form of lichen planus in left buccal mucosa, later lost the follow up and reported with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the same region after 1.5 years, potentially originated from pre-existing OLP.

Covid 19 impact on global economy and health has been devastating. This socioeconomic and health effects has been more detrimental in developing and underdeveloped countries. The pandemic has worsened the health crisis in the developing and underdeveloped nations and the disease burden of COVID 19 will definitely further hamper the effective health care delivery due to already existing shortage of trained medical personnel’s (doctors, nurses and paramedics) apart from lack of supply of adequate medicines, personal protective equipment’s and ventilators. This may eventually lead to more number of patients dying as well as chances of health personnel being infected. The above back ground gave us an impetus to explore the COVID-19 impact on socio-economy and public health in developing countries of Asia and Africa.

Healthy is a state of physical, social and mental well-being. We can’t qualify absence of disease as healthy. Thus, it becomes imperative to maintain a harmony between body, mind and soul. Dental health is directly related to mental and digestive health of a person and it can’t be treated as an isolated disease or infirmity without considering its effects on other parts of our body. Traditional healing methods may be less effective in a few cases but has proven to be more holistic in nature when we look at overall health of a person. Modern doctors are utilizing these techniques and biological way of healing in tandem with modern medicine to eliminate the disease while keeping the reactive effects of medication in check. Biological dentistry has also been formulated on similar lines where modern dentists amalgamate ancient healing herbs and techniques with modern medicine and techniques to ensure overall wellbeing of the patient.

Background: Obesity is an exaggeration of normal adiposity. Adipose tissue contributes to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. These cytokines include interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), which stimulate hs-C-reactive protein (CRP) production by the liver. Hs-CRP is a marker of inflammation and early determination may help to predict the future metabolic and cardiovascular complication associated with obesity. Objective: To study therelationship of hs –CRP levels with various anthropometric parameters in children with obesity. Methods: This cross sectional study conducted at department of Paediatrics of BSMMU, Dhaka over a period of 12 months (September 2018 to August 2019). Total 110 obese children aged between 10 to 18 years with BMI ≥ 95th centile according to CDC growth chart were selected in this study after considering exclusion and inclusion criteria. Age and sex matched 55 non-obese children (normal weight children) with BMI ≥ 5th to < 85th centile were also included in this study. A structured questionnaire was prepared for each participant taken into account demographic and clinical parameters. Levels of hs-CRP were estimated in 110 obese and 55 non-obese children. These levels were then correlated to various anthropometric parameters (body mass index, BMI; waist circumference, WC; hip circumference, HC;waist hip ratio, WHR; waist height ratio, WHtR). Results: Hs-CRP Level was raised in 46.4% of children in obese group than non-obese group (10.9%). Mean hs-CRP Level was significantly higher in obese group than non- obese group (2.81 ± 2.62mg/L vs 0.922 ± 0.852mg/L).Among the obese group, about 58% was grade I obese and 42% was grade II obese (Severe obese). About 67% of grade II obese had hs-CRP level ≥ 2mg/L in comparison to grade I obese (31.3%). Mean body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC),waist-hip ratio (WHR),waist-height ratio (WHtR) were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio were positively correlated with raised hs-CRP level in obese group. Conclusion: Levels of hs-CRP were significantly elevated in obese children as compared to non-obese children. Hs-CRP level was raised significantly in grade II obese children. Raised hs-CRP level in obese children was positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and waist-height ratio.

Root resorption of the tooth may be a pathologic or physiologic process resulting in loss of root dentin and cementum. Broadly, it can be of two types – external and internal root resorption. The location of these resorptions can vary. Internal resorption is relatively a rare resorption in which resorption begins in the root canal and destroys surrounding dentalhard tissues. It is caused by transformation of normal pulp tissue into granulomatous tissue by giant cells, which resorbdentin. Thepresent article describe the management of internal resorption involving mandibular premolar with internal root resorption with 1 year follow‑up

Objetivo: discutir as semelhanças das pandemias anteriores com a pandemia da covid19. Método: estudo teórico-reflexivo. Resultados: as pandemias costumam ser infectocontagiosas. As doenças desse tipo costumam ser de rápido contágio e transmissão a longo espectro. Elas podem seguir o caráter de serem zoonoticas, sexualmente transmissíveis, cutâneas, arboviróticas, de veiculação hídrica e respiratória. As formas de entrada pelo corpo podem variar, mas existe uma predisposição das doenças pandêmicas em adentrarem no corpo humano pelo sistema respiratório por ser um percurso breve para a reprodução da doença. Nota-se que há uma forte relação das doenças infecto contagiosas com as questões de higiene humana que levantam quesitos gestão, comprometimento e saúde coletiva. Além de que, a maioria das pandemias inicialmente receberam pouca importância como calamidades públicas. Conclusão: a prevenção e a promoção são de certo modo o redutor de impactos quando se soa o alarme de uma enfermidade emergente.

Cesarean section (“C-section”), an incision through the abdominal wall and then into the uterus to deliver a calf potentially indicated in cases of dystocia when a calf cannot be delivered by fetal mutation and extraction or when vaginal delivery could endanger her life or the life of her calf. A prompt decision to perform a caesarean operation is important for optimum success. A successful prognosis depends on several factors, such as the skill and speed of the surgeon, duration of dystocia, physical condition of the dam, surgical environment, concurrent disease, and presence of a live calf. The following article discusses about the procedure of Cesarean section and the outcomes.

This paper discusses the sports in rural area of India. There is a great gap between urban and rural areas in India. Rural residents clearly feel this gap in terms of sports facilities. The present paper aims to fill the class gap by initiatives and demonstrating the benefits of exercise and sport, hoping that the status of physical education in rural areas would be more seriously followed in future plans of the government.. In the 86 years since India attained Test status, 290 different men have played test cricket for India. However, only four belong to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. That’s four, instead of about 70, as it should have been per the population proportion. This is a disparity that just cannot be dismissed as insignificant. Unfortunately, Dalit under-representation in Indian cricket has received scant attention. A similar under-representation of black players in South Africa resulted in the introduction of a quota for non-White players in the playing XI across all levels of the game. On the other hand, we don’t even have accurate data about the socio-economic backgrounds of players playing a sport which is followed religiously by most Indians. Very few scholars have looked at possible reasons for this stark under-representation of Dalits in cricket.

Background: To Understand a criminal's brain is the most ideal approach to diminish wrongdoing. When we see how hoodlums’ figure, we will want to comprehend why they are perpetrating violations in any case and prevent it from occurring. Design: Discussion paper. Implications of Criminal Psychology: Assisting specialists with acquiring a brief look into a criminal's mind, criminal analysts help law implementation to anticipate an obscure guilty party's age, financial status, schooling level, propensities, and character attributes just like the sort of local area or neighborhood where a wrongdoer is probably going to live. Conclusion: Criminal Psychology isn't just to comprehend Criminal Minds or Predict Criminal Behavior it is likewise critical to control the improvement of wrongdoing and to have the option to offer mediation to those out of luck.

Mucormycosis (MCM) is a life-threatening infection that carries high mortality rates despite recent advances in its diagnosis and treatment. Mucormycosis occurs in patients who are immunocompromised because of diabetic ketoacidosis, neutropenia, organ transplantation, and/or increased serum levels of available iron. Because of the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, cancer, and organ transplantation, the number of patients at risk for this deadly infection is increasing. This literature review emphasis on the types, risk factor, diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis.

Acute paracetamol poisoning is a common cause of drug poisoning in both developed and developing countries. It leads to severe liver injury. N-acetylcysteine’s effectiveness (NAC), an antidote to paracetamol, usually depends on the time between ingestion and management. In the following case, we report a 5-year-old child who presented with acute hepatic encephalopathy after acute paracetamol intoxication and who progressed favorably despite NAC’s delayed administration.