Changes in serum albumin and phosphorus levels are closely related to increased risk of coronary artery disease

Introduction: Hypoalbuminemia and hyperphosphatemia are associated with increased morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. Albumin behaves as an antioxidant molecule whereas increased serum phosphorus levels are linked with vascular calcification. Method: Present study is a case-control study. Hundred CAD patients were recruited adopting an inclusion and exclusion criteria. 100 age and sex matched healthy subjects were taken as controls. CAD patients were segregated into two Groups on the basis of their albumin cut off value of 4.0g/dl. All the subjects were screened for serum albumin, A/G ratio, quantitative CRP and serum phosphorus levels. Data was stastically analysed. Results: CAD patients had significantly low (p<0.05) serum albumin, A/G ratio and high CRP and serum phosphorus levels as compared to healthy controls. On further segregation, Group 1 CAD patients having albumin levels less than 4.0g/dl were observed to have significantly raised (p<0.05) serum CRP and phosphorus levels together with markedly low A/G ratio as compared to Group 2 CAD patients. Conclusion: hypoalbuminemia and hyperphosphatemia further aggravates the oxidative stress present in CAD patients. It is advocated that changes in serum albumin and phosphorus should be monitored in CAD patients during diagnosis as well as during prognosis.