Covid-19 cases rise that correlates with increased detection of new variants in jazan region, 2022, KSA

Background: The future of covid-19 in the community can be placed under assumptions and predictions. The first assumption is that the virus will be mutating at a constant interval and each new mutation will be severe and result in a high mortality rate. The technology will allow the production of vaccines almost immediately and efficiently. Another assumption is that the new variant will be overcome with existing vaccines. For instance, the case of the new delta variant of COVID-19 has put forward a new problem because it cannot be mitigated with available vaccines. Methodology: Based on a comprehensive secondary dataset taken from the infectious disease and prevention department of health affairs in the Jazan region of the Kingdom. The time frame was selected from March 2020 to March 2022. This study aimed to determine the difference between the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd pandemic waves of COVID-19 and detect the dominant variant in each wave of COVID- 19, and correlate the rising transmission rates as well as the infectivity of the disease among index cases in addition to their close contacts. We reviewed a covid-19 variant in every epidemic wave with its positive rate, mortality rate with percentage and actual figures, transmissibility between persons, and the infective cases of COVID-19. Results: 514 main patients and their close connections were assessed in the research, and the term was chosen from March 2020 to December 2021. Data from January 2020 was also collected to enhance a recent poll. The prevalent variation in the first wave was discovered to be a type-A variant, the positivity rate was 29 percent , and the case fatality rate was 1.5 percent per cent of the entire. In the 2nd wave, the positive rate was 24 percent , while the case fatality rate was 0.9 percent. Moreover, the delta variation was the most prevalent, and Omicron dominated the 3rd wave with the greatest positive rate compared to other variants, which was 39 percent. Bearing in mind that the case fatality rate was lowest in the 3rd wave compared to previous waves (0.1 percent). (0.1 percent ). Nearly 72.8 percent of patients were impacted by the Delta variant, 16.2 percent were affected by the Alpha variant, and 2.8 percent were afflicted owing to N50IT. The vaccine was categorised based on significant and mild side effects with vaccination frequency, requirement for medical help, timeframe following side-effects encountered, medicaments, and therapy required. The Delta variation holds first position with a total percentage of 72.8 percent , although 81.9 percent of the male was impacted by the Delta variant; compared with a female, the male gender was affected more by the Delta variant. Conclusion: The preventive measure against COVID-19 developed by the Saudi Arabia region was not implemented in the Jazan region was conformed to the above statistics 10.3% of infection spread rate through close contact. In the 2nd wave, the positivity rate was 24%, while the case fatality rate was 0.9%. Moreover, the delta COVID variant was the most prominent variant, whereas Omicron dominated the 3rd wave with the highest positivity rate relative to other variants (39%). Bearing in mind that the case fatality rate was lowest in the 3rd wave compared to other waves (0.1%). The age group (15 up to 49 years) was the most vulnerable to COVID-19transmission. Further study is recommended.