Background: The prevalence of Diabetes mellitus (DM) in the countries of Central and South America was estimated at 26.4 million people and considered for 40 million in 2030. The DM have also increased in children and young people in the last 30 years, especially the D1. About 210,000 young people around 20 years of age have diabetes. This represents 0.26% of the total number of individuals in this age group. About 1 in every 400 to 500 children and adolescents has DM. Objective: Was to make a presentation on the findings of the literary influence of diabetes mellitus on periodontal diseases. Discussion: The major oral diabetic patient complications include xerostomia, bacterial, viral and fungal infections, delayed wound healing, incidence of caries, gingivitis and periodontal disease, periapical abscess and symptoms of burning mouth. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is one of the diseases that is growing increasingly in the world and we surgeons dentist, had to know better this pathology. Knowing the signs and symptoms is essential to help our patients in the treatment of this disease and preventing complications during dental procedures performed.