Material and methods: phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils and the pathogen in 16 preterm infants (the main group) with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) complicated by “ cytological method. Microbio standard methods. Infants received IVIG for 3 consecutive days, starting from the second day of life. Results: premature newborns. IVIG stimulated phagocytosis of blood neutrophils a day after the start of treatment with the achievement of normal values and maintained the immunocorrective effect for at least three days after the course of immunotherapy. group (19 infants did not receive IVIG), phagocytosis was lower than normal at the beginning and in the acute period of the disease. Neutrophil phagocytosis was lower before IVIG administration and one day after IVI Ureaplasma urealiticum infants with bacterial pneumonia, but phagocytosis was high after a course of immunotherapy. risk of developing pneumonia stimulates neutrophil phagocytosis. This can contribute to the rapid elimination of pathogens and a less severe course o We investigated the effect of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) on the relationship between phagocytosis and the type of ventilator-associated” pneumonia (VAP). Phagocytosis was investigated by logical examination of tracheo-bronchial aspirate was performed using It was found that phagocytosis rates in these infants were lower than in 20 In newborns with VAP from the comparison G administration in newborns of the main group when , Chlamydia trachomatis were isolated from the respiratory tract than in in infants with intracellular Conclusion: Early use of IVIG in premature infants with RDS at f pneumonia. healthy Mycoplasma hominis, pathogens