The main objective of this thesis work is to optimize the machining performance in precision turning operations. In finishing operations, surface roughness is a major concern. Hence, to quantify the machining performance in precision turning operations, the quality of a machined surface is becoming more and more important to satisfy the increasing demands of sophisticated component performance, longevity, and reliability. The objective of this paper is to analyze the performance of precision turning using conventional lathe on Ti6Al4V under dry working conditions. Various parameters that affect the machining processes were identified and a consensus was reached regarding its values. The proposed work is to perform machining under the selected levels of conditions and parameters and to estimate the, cutting temperature and surface roughness generated as the result of the machining process. By finding optimal depth of cut and feed in each segment through the profile, the machining performance in precision turning can be improved. In precision turning, the machining surface can be divided into small segments according. The optimal cutting condition would be different in each segment due to the various effective parameters.