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Investigating the minimal quantity of soil water reserve and its time tendency in N’djaména and surroundings – Chad

Author: 
NJIPOUAKOUYOU Samuel, AOUDOU DOUA Sylvain and GALMAI Orozi
Subject Area: 
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Abstract: 

The soil water reserve in N’djaména and surroundings is investigated using data onpluviometry and reference evapotranspiration for the period from 1980 to 2007. Monthly averages and standard deviations calculated for each year show that the soil of this area was under a permanent deficit of water. The driest year was 2001 with the highest average deficit of -155.8 mm/month compare to the year 1994 with a minimal amount of -105.6 mm/month. The analysis of its time tendency shows that from year to year that deficit was becoming deeper and deeper. Modeling this tendency brought to a decreasing linear relationship between time t and the soil water reserve WR. Simulation indicates a good fitness of the obtained model. The monthly averages and corresponding standard deviations computed from data in the considered month during the whole period indicate that March is the driest month with a deficit of -220.9 mm/month compare to July with a minimal amount of -7.2 mm/month. Standard deviations indicate that soil water reserve has a high time variability. Monthly and daily soil water requirements were estimated based on the obtained results.

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