Polyphenol, Lycopene Contents And Anti-Hypertensive Activity Of Aqueous Extract Of Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill Fruitsin Rabbits

Objective: The aim of this study was to quantify some compounds of the aqueous extracts of two tomato varieties grown in Cote d'Ivoire and assess their anti-hypertensive activity on arterial blood pressure in rabbit. Material: Two ripe tomato varieties were collected from different tomato fields in Yamoussoukro district (Cote d'Ivoire) during season of June to July 2018. These samples were dried and crushed. The powder obtained was used for different extract preparations. Duration : This study was carried out from june 2018 to february 2019. The determination of polyphénol and lycopene contents was carried out at the National Laboratory of Public Health. Then, antihypertensive activity was evaluated at Animal Physiology Laboratory of Felix Houphouët Boigny University. Methodology: Lycopene and polyphenol contents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The antihypertensive activity was performed on rabbits by manometric method using Ludwig's manometer. Results : Lycopene content of tomato aqueous extracts was ranging from 0.01 to 89.9 mg/100g of extract. The most abundants polyphenolic compounds identified were caffeic acid (1.37 to 2.14 mg/100 g) and quercetin (1.10 to 2.19 mg/100 g) of extract. Other phenolic compounds like, catechin, flavanone, cinnamate, coumarine and tanninol were identified. Efficacy dose (ED50) of aqueous extracts varies between 26.25 mg/kg bw for the macerated of Local cotelette variety and 31.62 mg/kg bw for the macerated of Cobra F1 variety. Conclusion : Tomato aqueous extracts reduced rabbit arterial blood pressure. This decrease will be due to compounds with antihypertensive activity contain in extracts such as lycopene and quercetin. As a result, tomato in take would be beneficial for hypertensives.