Human gut is home to trillions of microbes termed as gut microbiota which play a vital role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Evidences suggest that dysbiosis of gut microbiota is associated with pathogenesis of lifestyle diseases such as obesity and diabetes. During the last few decades the cases of type 2 diabetes is spreading worldwide affecting the health of an individual. Search for the novel therapeutic approached which is inexpensive and does not have side effects for the management of type 2 diabetes is required. The word “probiotic” comes from Greek language “pro bios” which means “for life” opposed to “antibiotics” and defined as those microbes which when ingested in certain amount gives beneficial health effect to the host.And the beneficial effects of probiotic on human health have been reported by various researchers. The cause of pathogenesis of diabetes is complex and it is caused by multiple risk factors. In this review the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of diabetes and modulation of gut microbiota by probiotic for the management of type 2 diabetes have been discussed.
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