This study aims to identify the factors of resistance to change among drug dealers in Côte d'Ivoire. Becker's economic theory of crime (1968) and Cusson's theory of social control (1983) validated the results of this study. The survey sites are Abidjan, Grand Bassam and Abengourou. 189 people were interviewed on the basis of a network sample. The survey of the actors of the traffic makes it possible to provide the following results: The financial advantages drawn, the low probability of arrest and condemnation and the social recognition offered constitute all elements to explain the persistence of the actors in the sales activities of drugs. Actions focused on increased political will, job creation and effective treatment of drug users could contribute to retraining dealers.