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Study of renal and liver function markers in type -1 diabetes mellitus: A comparative analysis

Author: 
Dr. Dileep Singh Nirwan, Dr. Mamta Choudhary, Dr. Vyas, R.K. and Dr. Yogita Soni
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

Background: Type 1 diabetes previously reffered as “juvenile onset or insulin dependent” in which the pancreas fails to produce the insulin which is one of the essential hormone for regulation of blood glucose level. Most frequently developes in childhoood with highest incidence in northern European states, but is being increasingly noted later in life. When blood sugar is high, it can put too much stress on kidneys and liver, causing serious damage to the blood vessels, leading to kidney and liver disease. Liver plays a central and crucial role in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Its normal functioning is essential for the maintenance of blood glucose levels and a continuous supply to organs that require a glucose energy source. This central role of liver in glucose homeostasis offers a clue to the pathogenesis of glucose intolerance in liver disease but little insight into the mechanism of liver disease in diabetes mellitus. Aims & Objective: The aim of the study was to find out the levels of renal (urea and creatinine) and hepatic function markers (especially AST, ALT, ALP and GGT) in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Method: In study 50 patients with Type 1 diabetes were compared with 50 normal healthy subjects as controls. RFT and some LFT’s were estimated using standard kit methods. Data were statistically evaluated by Student’s t-test. Result : A significant increase in the serum levels of renal markers and liver enzymes (Aspartate transaminase, Alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatise) were observed in type 1 diabetic subjects as compared to controls. Conclusion: Type 1 diabetes results in abnormal organ function tests. Proper and timely screening of these parameters can help in prevention and early diagnosis of renal and liver damage.

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