Identification of rice (oryza sativa l.) Varieties for prevention of type ii diabetes

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops and a primary source of food for more than half of the world’s population. Rice is rich in carbohydrates and most of the Asian’s consumes rice in polished form. In developing countries of Asia, the prevalence of type II diabetes a major chronic disease is increasing enormously. Recent evidence from epidemiology and clinical studies reports that the adverse health is consequence of foods and diets rich in carbohydrates which are readily and extensively digested. Choice of carbohydrates, particularly those with low glycaemic index (GI) is able to assist in the management or prevention of type II diabetes. GI is a numerical measure of the extent to which carbohydrates in foods affect postprandial blood glucose levels. Strong correlations between amylose content and GI were observed in earlier studies (Fitzgerald et al., 2011), indicating that amylose is the major grain constituent that affects GI. Present investigation is carried out to identify rice genotypes having high amylose content. Amylose content of twenty five rice genotypes (9 Jagtial varieties, 6 pre-released cultures, three mega varieties, one Nellore variety, one private company variety and five hybrid rice parental lines) was estimated by following Juliano method at RRS, RARS, Jagtial during Kharif 2013. Among the all genotypes, four varieties (JGL3844 (25.9%), JGL17004 (25.7%), Swarna (26.6%) and NLR34449 (25.8%)) and one hybrid parental line (CMS23B (28.6%)) were recorded high amylose content. These high amylose lines will be having low GI. This study is helpful for providing information for nutritionists to identify and quantify the impact of low GI rice in blood sugar level and also allow rice consumers to select low GI value rice varieties like JGL3844, JGL17004, Swarna and NLR34449. Growing and labeling of these varieties will help farmers to get more price for their produce.