Corrosion is one of the major issues these days in various sectors of the industries related to construction, sewage disposal, food and manufacturing. Microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC) is a key factor for infrastructure degradation worldwide, which is actually a result of wastewater collection. It is the most common form of corrosion, which is aided by the presence, and activity of microorganisms on the surface of the materials. MIC has hiked demands for sustainable and cost effective construction material on a global level. This review focuses on the reasons and effects of MIC in the environment specifically highlighting the adversity of MIC on cement based structures. Various research works have been discussed for reducing the effect of MIC and thereby increasing the durability of structures.