Nutcracker syndrome as cause of varicocele and its relation with BMI

Aim: In this study, we evaluated the incidence of nutcracker syndrome as a cause of varicocele in young adults and its relation with body mass index (BMI). Materials and Methods: This prospective study included a total of 30 patients who were referred for high resolution (HR) ultrasound examination of scrotum for evaluation of varicocele. Upper abdominal ultrasonography (USG) and Doppler was done in all cases for assessment of renal vein hilar and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) segment transverse diameter, peak velocities in hilar and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) segments of renal vein. Results: In our study we found Nutcracker phenomenon to be a cause of varicocele in 13.33% of cases of varicocele. We also observed that it was more common in cases with low body mass index (BMI) and higher grades of varicocle. Conclusion: Upper abdominal scan for assessment of status of renal vein should be routinely done in all cases of varicocele, particularly in cases with higher grades of varicocele and low body mass index (BMI)