The the peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), is a rare cause of cardiomyopathy occurring at the end of pregnancy or during the months following the birth. This condition can be life-threatening and is characterized by significant left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure It’s a diagnosis of exclusion, which must be confirmed by the measurement of systolic function nearly always less than 45%. It is a rare pathological entity whose pathophysiological mechanism in question remains poorly understood. Clinically, it is a sudden heart failure with unpredictable evolution and a hight risk of refractory cardiogenic shock justifying management in cardiovascular resuscitation. The treatment is essentially symptomatic, the prognosis is closely related to the complete recovery of cardiac function.