Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profiling of salmonella typhi from typhoid patients in amravati city (maharashtra) india

This study was conducted in order to known the occurence of MDR Salmonella typhi in Amravati city. Widal positive blood samples were collected and analysed for typhoid causative agent Salmonella typhi. The Salmonella typhi isolates were obtained and confirmed by various morphological, biochemical, cultural and molecular methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of Salmonella typhi isolates was carried out using disk diffusion method. Out of 400 blood samples, 230 samples showed the presence of Salmonella typhi. The isolates were obtained from blood specimen includes 93 (40.43%) Salmonella typhi isolates from male and 137 (59.57%) from female patients. The prevalence of Salmonella typhi isolates was found to be 57.5% in Widal positive blood samples with the 1:160 dilution. Out of 230 isolates of Salmonella typhi 124 isolates showed the resistance to more than five antibiotics among the 10 antibiotics tested and the prevalence rate of MDR Salmonella typhi was found to be 53.91%. The widespread resistance patterns were observed with amoxycillin, cefpodoxime, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, tetracycline and trimethoprime. Among all the tested antibiotics ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were found to be the most active antibiotics against (94.35%) Salmonella typhi isolates followed by co-trimoxazole against (83.48%) and nalidixic acid against (69.57%) Salmonella typhi isolates. From the present study it is clear that occurrence of MDR Salmonella typhi strains are high in the Amravati city and suggested to use the antibiotics ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin as a first line treatment for typhoid patients in the city.