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Resistance profile of candida albicans strains isolated at the national public health laboratory in brazzaville

Author: 
MOUNKALA P. Christoffer, MOYEN Rachel, BIDOUNGA Joël, MAKAYA Nicole and NIAMA Fabien
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and resistance patterns of Candida albicans strains isolated from vaginal swabs at the National Public Health Laboratory in Brazzaville. Material and methods: 298 vaginal swabs were collected at the National Public Health Laboratory from January to June 2020. Isolation was performed on Sabouraud's medium, followed by species identification based on phenotypic and biochemical tests. Susceptibility to antifungal agents was assessed by standard solid and liquid diffusion techniques according to CLSI/NCCLS 2009-2020. Results: Mycological examination of the 298 samples revealed 99 positive results, of which 37 were identified as Candida albicans, a prevalence of 37.37%. Of the 37 strains of C. albicans tested, 19 were resistant, i.e. 51.35%, according to the antifungal activities of the strains. The species had a comparatively high level of resistance to azoles, including miconazole (47.94%) and fluconazole (27.09%). Four main resistance patterns were identified from the data analysis: 14 strains showed AT pattern (azoleresistance), 3 strainsshowed AP pattern (imidazole-polyeneresistance), 1 strain showed PAT pattern (polyene-azoleresistance) and 1 strain showed PF pattern (polyene-5flurocytosine). Conclusion: This study found that among the species of the genus Candida, Candida albicans has the highest prevalence. Through the study of antimycoticactivities, we were able to follow the evolution of the resistance of the species to azoledrugs, which constitutes a serious threat to public health.

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