Truffles from the northeast region of the kingdom of morocco: geographical distribution and production potential

Moroccan truffles, relatively well known ecologically, their potential and spatial distribution at regional and national scales remain unknown. The aim of this study is to determine and define the geographical area of truffles in the north-eastern zone of the Kingdom in order to produce their distribution map and assess their productivity. The study area includes the Oriental High Plateaus and pastoral plains, High Moulouya and part of Tafilalet. The methodology was based on a documentary analysis, field surveys, interviews and workshops with the various stakeholders. The maps were produced by a GIS and verified in the field. The region is characterized by 5 species of truffles: Tirmania nivea, T. pinoyi, Terfezia boudieri, T. claveryi and Picoa juniperi. They are associated with host plants of the genus Helianthemum on sandy soils. Their distribution concerns almost the entire region. The production of truffles is linked to several factors, including the development of host plants, the amount of rainfall and the type of soil. The highly productive sites are located in the north-eastern part with flat relief. This knowledge of truffles and their distribution is decisive for the use of this product in the sustainable development of the country.