Wound healing in renal impairment

Renal impairment has long been known to affect woundhealing. However, information on differences in the spectrum of wound healing depending on the type of renal insufficiency is limited. Acute kidney injury (AKI) may be observed with different wound types. On one hand, it follows acute traumatic conditions such as crush injury, burns, and post-surgical woundsand on the other hand, it arises as simultaneous targeting of skin and kidneys by autoimmune-mediated vasculitis.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) often occur in older people, whohave limited physical mobility and predisposition for developing pressure-related wounds. The common risk factors forpoor wound healing, generally observed in patients with CKDand ESRD, include poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, chronic venous insufficiency and aging.In the present literature review, we discuss the association between different types of renal impairments and their effects on wound healing.