Assess the risk factors of urolithiasis among patients attending opd at Sri Ramachandra Hospital, South India, Chennai

Background: Urolithiasis is the third most common urological disease affecting both males and females. In the latter part of the 20th century the prevalence of upper urinary tract stones was increasing worldwide. Young population visiting uro and nephro OPDs and undergoing dialysis which sensitizes to study this problem to identify the riskfactors and the types of urolithiasis. Methods:Cross sectional descriptive design was used. All male and female patients attended nephrology and urology OPD and diagnosed as nephro and uro lithiasis at Sri Ramachandra Hospital, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, at Chennai were considered as the population of the study. Purposive sampling was used and 50 participants were participated. Self-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Results: The present study concluded that out of 50 patients 12% had family history of renal calculi, 26% were alcoholic, 46% were having the history of recurrent UTI, 34%were on calcium supplement, 54% were drinking fluoridated tap water, 30% consumed aerated beverages, 10% of them were on AYUSH treatment, 40% had previous history of calculi, 42% were on antihypertensive- Trimeterene, 14% were on corticosteroid. It is noted that 20% were known case of diabetic and 42% were hypertensive,40% had sedentary activity, 60% had moderate activity .Regarding water consumption 68% of them had<2 litres per day and 36% had the habit of passing urine with the interval of >8 hours. Conclusion: The study concluded that the urinary catheterization, drinking of fluoridated water, hypertension, obesity, red meat,8th hourly urination and medical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes are risk factors for urolithiasis. There was a statistically significant association between gender and painscore, occupation and BMI.