The plant microbiome (epiphytic, endophytic, and rhizospheric) is crucial for plant growth, development, and soil health. Plants and rhizospheric soil are rich natural resources that harbor microbial hotspots and play important roles in global nutrient balance and ecosystem function. The varied assemblage of microorganisms are important components of soil-plant systems, where they interact intensely in the rhizosphere/phyllosphere or as endophytes. Plant growth promoting (PGP) microorganisms have emerged as a valuable and promising tool for achieving long-term agricultural sustainability. Plant growth promoting (PGP) microorganisms are bacteria that promote plant growth,they have emerged as a vital and promising instrument for agriculture's long-term viability. PGP microbes promote plant growth and development directly or indirectly, either by releasing plant growth regulators/phytohormones, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc solubilization, biological nitrogen fixation, or by producing siderophore, ammonia, HCN, and other secondary metabolites that are antagonistic to pathogenic microbes.The PGP microbes belonged to different phylum of archaea (Euryarchaeota); bacteria (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria) and fungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota), which include different genera namely Achromobacter, Acinetobacter, Agrobacterium, Alcaligenes, Arthrobacter, Aspergillus, Azoarcus, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Beijerinckia, Brevibacterium, Burkholderia, Collimonas,Curtobacterium, Diplococcus, Enterobacter, Erwinia, Flavobacterium, Flexibacterium, Gluconoacetobacter, Haloarcula, Halobacterium, Halococcus, Haloferax, Herbaspirillum, Klebsiella, Methylobacterium, Microbiospora, Micrococcus, Micromomospora, Nocardioides, PaeniBacillus, Pantoea, Penicillium, Piriformospora, Planomonospora, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia, Streptomyces, Thermomonospora and Xanthomonas. For sustainable agriculture, these PGP microorganisms might be utilized as biofertilizers/bioinoculants instead of chemical fertilizers.
