Demographic profile and prognostic value of neutrophilic lymphocytic ratio in snake bite patients

Background: Snakebite is a major public health problem throughout the world and more so in tropical and subtropical countries, where people are more engaged in agriculture work have highest incidences of snake bites. The neutrophilic/lymphocytic ratio (NLR) is one of the valuable test which may be altered in acute infection, acute stress, acute inflammation and hypovolemic shock. Methodology: This was a descriptive case control study which was carried out over all the patients of snake bite admitted to medical wards of Maharana Bhupal Government Hospital, R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur (Rajasthan) between the period from January 2019 to November 2019. Result: Maximum incidence of snake bite was found in male (62%), from rural area(78%) with farmers (38%) by occupation. It was observed that bite was common in monsoon and post monsoon season (88%), bite was common in lower extrimities (56%) and at night time (60%).Among all bite 40% was contributed by non poisonious and rest 60% was poisonious bite , out of which haemorrhagic and neuroparalytic both contributed equally. NLR is found to be normal (<3) in 20% of the snake bite patient while 80% have raise NLR (40% patient have 3-10 followed by 22% patient have 11-20 followed by 12% patient have 21-40). Conclusion: NLR was significantly high in snake bite patient both hemorrhagic and neuro-paralytic. NLR is having strong association with lag period, hospital stay, severity and outcome.