Relationship between fertility hormones and glycated haemoglobin in type 2 diabetic subjects

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder and may result into hormonal imbalance which may lead to infertility. In the recent time, female infertility has become one of the chronic effects of Diabetes Mellitus. The study aimed at evaluating the fertility hormones and glycated haemoglobin in type 2 diabetic females. A total of one hundred and eighty subjects (90 Type 2 diabetic females and 90 apparently healthy females) within age 20 -50 years were investigated. Blood specimen was collected from the subjects for the determination of fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HBA1c) and fertility hormones on the 3rd day of the menstrual cycle. Fasting plasma glucose was determined spectrophotometrically using glucose oxidase method; HBA1c was determined using automated boronate affinity assay method while the fertility hormones were determined using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The results showed significant decrease (p<0.05) in the levels of FSH, LH, prolactin in the type 2 DM subjects compared with the control subjects while HBA1c and Estradiol showed significant increase (p<0.05). There were significant negative relationships between HBA1c and fertility hormones in type 2 DM. The findings suggest that uncontrolled and persistent hyperglycaemia can predispose Type 2 diabetic females to fertility hormone imbalance.