July 2021

Career maturity among adolescents is of overriding concern so as to live a happy and contented life. Choosing the right kind of profession or career in accordance to an individual’s interest and preference is very much crucial in ensuring self-adequacy and self-assuredness. The present study aims to examine the level of career maturity among college students in Aizawl District of Mizoram. For the present study, stratified random sampling was used on a total sample of 300 college students from 5 degree colleges in Aizawl city. For the data collectionCareer Maturity Inventory (Indian adaptation) developed by Dr. Nirmala Gupta. (1989) was used to measurethe level of career maturity of college students. For data analysis mean, t-test and Anova were used. The results indicated that out of 300 college students, 222 (74%) college students were found to have an average level of career maturity. It was also found that the level of career maturity between male and female college students have no significant difference. Out of 100 respondents from each stream, students from arts streams only 5% have scored high level of career maturity, 74% of arts students have an average level of career maturity and 21% of arts students have low level of career maturity. The result also indicated that only 14% of commerce students have high level of career maturity, whereas 80% of commerce students scored average level of career maturity and only 6% of commerce students have low level of career maturity. Furthermore, only 21% of science students have high level of career maturity and majority of 69% science students have an average level of career maturity and only 10% of college science students have low level of career maturity.

Water plays a noteworthy role in maintaining the human strength and interests. Hygienic water is now distinguished as a basic accurate of human beings. Heavy metals and high minerals content being perceptible contaminants positions imperative toxicological impacts to human life and exist ecological backgrounds. Physical properties of heavy metals having, relative a high atomic weight along with binding abilities with additional elements. It is a leading usual resource, contributes structures and drinking water reserve in increasing countries is a global alarm. The piece of task is carried out to study the water suitability of Bansagar dam, Shahdol for irrigation and consumption views. Three water samples were collected from three specific sites which serve as groundwork of water at various positions of Bansagar dam. Samples were examined for minerals and heavy metal content throughout 2019 and 2020 to assess the impact of seasonal variations in water of the dam via observing different minerals and heavy metal content viz, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Hg, and Fluoride, in different seasons. Basically all explored parameters communicated their standard and below position suggested by means of WHO and ISI as drinking and utility of water. Parameters were under seasonal modification variety, Hence, it can concluded that Bansagar Dam water influenced due to participation of geographical association and their recurrent alterations, other than water increasingly concentration towards eutrophication which point in the direction and suggested about the accessibility of protected dam water in expressions of drinking along with the irrigation exploitation. For a detailed analysis the monitoring and analysis should be carried out for a longer period of time. The minimum time for such monitoring should be two year in order to have a series of data or trends to confirm the study reliability.

PCOS is an ovarian disorder characterised by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovaries. Clinically, the ovulatory dysfunction often presents as oligo/amenorrhoea, although menorrhagia is not uncommon.PCOS can present as heavy menstrual bleeding in adolescent girls because of the associated endometrial thickening caused by unopposed anovulatory hyper-oestrogenism

Background: Laser-assisted endodontic treatment is a suitable instrument for smear layer removal in root canals. Objective: This ex-vivo study evaluated the efficiency of an Er: YAG laser (2940nm) at different pulse energy levels to remove smear layer with or without chelators from the middle and apical third of mesial roots. Methods: This study evaluated the efficiency of an Er: YAG laser (2940nm) at different pulse energy levels to remove smear layer with or without chelators from the middle and apical third of mesial roots. 48 mesial root canals of first mandibular molars were divided into 4 groups of 12 teeth each. Each group consisted of 2 subgroups each (A and B), regarding the irrigation protocol. In subgroup A, teeth were rinsed only by distilled water whereas in subgroup B, teeth were rinsed by 5ml 17% EDTA for 60sec, 5ml 5% NaOCL and 5ml distilled water. Four different pulse energy values were tested, namely 30mJ, 50mJ, 70mJ, 80mJ in order to irradiate the roots in Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4 respectively. Control groups (n=4) was instrumented and rinsed as experimental groups (subgroup A & B) but not irradiated. Teeth were sectioned longitudinally and observed under SEM. Results: Results were statistically analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis Test. There is statistically significant difference between groups irrigated with chelators and groups with distilled water before laser irradiation in the apical third. Group 1B (0.75W) showed statistically significant outcome in apical part. The results showed no statistically difference between subgroup B and control group. Conclusion: The presence of chelating factor may play an important role in the laser mechanism of smear layer removal from apical part of narrow and curved root canals.

Background: The main issues of This paper deals with is the analysis of contemporary monetary instruments, specifically digital currencies and cryptocurrencies as well as their impact on the monetary, financial and economic perspective around the world. As the central banks of the countries of the world are still the main followers of all the major global financial trends, we will pay special attention to their response to the challenge posed by the monetary constructs coming from the private sector. Finally, we will make a brief analysis of the legal framework of digital currencies and cryptocurrencies and examine the legislation approache of individual countries towards them.

Aim of the study was to evaluate better visualization of patellofemoral joint space among various x-ray tube angulation of 15°,20°,25°cranially with flexion of 45° with use of the anterior border of the patella and tibial tuberosity. Objectives: 1. To determine the skyline or axial view has provided useful information about the morphology and anatomy of the patellofemoral joint. 2. To assess the clinical handiness of the new horizon, see imaging procedure as a standard strategy into clinical practice. Methodology: our database consisted of various x-ray tube angulations of 15°,20°,25°cranially with flexion of 45° of the patella of the same patients. We are taking images from three different angles. And the IR read to the reader and image displayed and the evaluation will be made by blinding the radiologist and the score for the different projection will be recorded. The Final score will be tabulated according to the evaluation given by the radiologist. obtained with use of inferior –superior view of skyline projection for the radiographic diagnosis of knee-joint diseases. Result: A total of 29 patients ranging in age from 20 to 70 years with mean age 39.21 years. Conclusion: This prospective clinical study confirmed that the best visualization of the patellofemoral joint space with the skyline-view imaging technique, which uses the 25° x-ray tube angulation with the 45° knee flexion in the supine position. That provides more accurate axial images of the patella.

This research investigates the connect between technology and office safety, As the world continues to become more connected, it’s becoming increasingly important to adjust security and safety procedures in the workplace and adapting or use of technology will be one of the recommended solution. Intelligent and Smart surveillance is a function available in IoT It takes several forms. Facility managers across different industries can explore using the use IoT to obtain live information about potential emergency situations with a view to responding before the issue gets escalated. Method: Use of several methods including case studies , data sources and validation of findings with industry representatives and conference peer-review processes, have been used to validate the research design and findings during the research process Initial exploratory interviews, observations in industry seminars and industry reports. The starting point for this research was the interest on the topic of enhancing and improving efficiency of workplace security system through technology. To investigate what this interest was in particular, the author had been participating in several industry seminars, where the technology, sustainability and health and safety were the subject of discussion. At the same time, several industry reports published on the topic of IOT and technology improving the security systems in the workplace where studied. The observations from industry seminars and reports were used for designing initial exploratory interviews with real estate/work place owners. These seminars and reports addressed the topicality of technology used and integrated with the workplace security system to improve the safety and security of the employees and the premises and improve the occupier satisfaction and save cost, which therefore indicate that the research has potential for practical relevance. The Study reveals that the author, have been core advisory member of various associations and in touch with the fraternity and been following the trend globally, author being a core Facility Management professional and has personally seen the best practices followed and integration of technology with workplace security has resulted in improvement of the then entire security process and led the users satisfaction and overcome avoiding any kind of incidents. The study reveals that the author has been doing research and has read various articles on technology and its positive impact on workplace. The findings from the literature review demonstrate that there is a need to integrate the technology with the workplace security system to the occupier satisfaction, enhance better control and surveillance, save cost & contribute towards sustainability.

Although being one of the most populous countries, the public healthcare system in India operates at a dismal ratio of 0.08 doctors for every 1000 people. As of 2020, Data shows that only nine among India’s 28 states meet the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation of a 1:1000 doctor-population ratio. With the country's present policies to tackle the issue receiving staunch opposition from Medical practitioners, out of the box ideas are the need of the hour to sustain the healthcare system. India possesses a strong rural healthcare infrastructure in the form of trained non-medical healthcare workers such as "dais" and "village health guides", and with the rise of cheap technology it would be apt to empower these workers with the same. In this article, we briefly describe a cheap, affordable, indigenously built Electrocardiography (ECG) machine and how the healthcare workers could be taught to use it to detect impending myocardial infarctions and to decide on timely higher centre referrals. We further provide plans to expand this system to detect and prevent dehydration in young children through the use of Artificial Intelligence; Thus assisting these healthcare workers to be more astute and also aid as a redundancy tool to detect and prevent clinician errors. It is high time a growing economy like India capitalise on the recent advancements in technology and medicine to rescue it's burdened healthcare system.

Cyberbullying leads to a negative school environment. It affects the students psychologically and academically performance. Reducing cyberbullying by using safety software and bullying reporting procedures improves the school environment and, consequently, students' academic and life success.

The article demonstrates the importance of a leading teacher knowing about technology in education and encouraging other teachers to use it. Teacher leaders need to be more involved in learning about and using modern technology than other teachers. Educator leaders should help educators find opportunities for professional development around technology.

Este texto busca compreender, por meio da revisão de literatura, como Ferenczi percebe o cuidado. O entendimento de cuidado na saúde mostra uma atitude frente às várias situações, sejam elas doentias ou não. Ao analisar as dimensões do cuidado em Sándor Ferenczi nos artigos disponíveis nas bases de dados do scielo.br e pepsic.bvsalud.org, podemos dizer que as noções de empatia e hospitalidade são referências para a clínica intersubjetiva, e exige a capacidade de estar com o outro a partir da sensibilidade e afetividade implicada no processo. Podemos concluir que o cuidado é um conceito estruturante do ser, contrapondo a ideia de um objeto independente de nós. O cuidado atravessa o ser humano e é fator constituinte de subjetivação. É fundamental tomar a ética do cuidado como referência, sendo elemento central para as relações humanas.

In this article, the authors intend to analyse and learn as much as possible how the Layout Workshops of Architecture schools, in addition to producing architectural design prototypes and project models, function mainly as teaching support in an environment that becomes educational classroom. Students and teachers discuss and exchange information with the help of graphic technical language and scale models. Technological resources are basic needs for the development of projects and tutorials are a group tool to learn not only to project but to defend the values of one's own work. We will illustrate that the current basic needs of future architects will be to train with an open technology and within the reach of all designers with the aim of being competitive and current.

This study was conducted at Bore Agricultural Research Center, on station. The objective of this study was to identify the best adaptable agro forestry multipurpose tree and shrub species for the study area. Seedlings of multipurpose tree and shrub species were out planted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. A plot size of 13mx7m was used for each multipurpose tree and shrub species selected for this study. A plot consisted of three rows of multipurpose trees, on each row three multipurpose trees were planted and each plots had nine multipurpose trees. Based on the objective of this study, quarterly the following parameters such as survival rate, tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were recorded until the end of the study. The results of this study revealed that, multipurpose tree and shrub species such as Acacia abysinica, Grevillia robusta, Hagenia abysinica, Acacia saligna and Pinus patula had the highest survival rate at the study site. In addition, their survival rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher than Cordia africana, Susbania acculeta and Leuceana leococephala multipurpose tree species. However, from all multipurpose tree and shrub species selected for this study Leuceana Leococephala was shown poor survival rate. The reason low survival of Leucaena leucocephala was observed at study site was due to agroecology of the study site was not suitable for the species. The height data recorded by the end of the experiment revealed that there were not significance (P<0.05) differences in height were viewed between Acacia saligna, Acacia abysinica,Grevillia robusta and Hagenia abysinica multipurpose tree and shrub species and all the tree species were attained the highest mean value respectively. However, Cordia africana, Susbania acculeta and Leucaena leucocephala were multipurpose tree and shrub species achieved the lowest mean value respectively.Diameter at breast height (DBH) data recorded at the end of this study showed that, Acacia abysinica and Acacia saligna were the tree species attained the highest mean values of DBH and Grevillea robusta, Pinus patula, Hagenia abysinica and Susbania acculeta attained medium mean values of DBH. However, from multipurpose tree and shrub species selected for this study, Cordia africana and Leuceana Leococephala had the lowest value of DBH. Generally, these findings could be used to promote those adapted promising native and exotic multipurpose tree and shrub species for promotion of agroforestry practice. Moreover, it can help all stake holders to properly allocate species into the site that grow and adapt well.

Helically coiled heat exchangers are globally used in various industrial applications for their high heat transfer performance and compact size. Nanofluids can provide the superb thermal performance in helical coil heat exchangers. Research studies on heat transfer enhancement have gained solemnmotion during recent years and have been proposed many techniques by different research groups (1). A fluid with higher thermal conductivity has been developed to increase the proficiency of heat exchangers. The dispersion of 1-100nm sized solid nanoparticles in the traditional heat transfer fluids, termed as nanofluids, exhibit substantial higher convective heat transfer than that of traditional heat transfer fluids. Nanofluid is a heat transfer fluid which is the combination of nanoparticles and base fluid that can improve the performance of heat exchanger systems. In this present paper the efforts are made to understand that how to compare the heat transfer rate in Tapered Helical Coil by using TiO2 nanofluid as water and ethylene glycol as a base fluid by studying research papers of various authors.

COVID-19 pandemic is widely affected all world. The education system was too badly affected. A descriptive survey was conducted among 208 conveniently selected samples to explore the students’ perception on online education. The average age of samples were 20 years. More samples (50.5%) were studying 4 to 6 hours a day. Midday was the most (59.1%) acceptable time for the classes. Majority of samples used mobile (94.2%) for accessing the classes. Self-paced learning and metacognition were the more rated advantages of online classes. The highest rated barrier for online classes was network related issues. Many students reported health issues after attending online classes and most important health concern was headache (62). This study put forth the need of having capacity building sessions for faculty, developing infrastructure and open source for computerized learning for future online sessions.

La température, l’humidité relative, les hauteurs de pluie, etc. sont autant de facteurs qui conditionnent la prévalence des infections respiratoires aiguës (IRA) au sein des communautés. Par ailleurs, l’environnement influence l’état de santé des populations de la commune de Natitingou. Cette étude vise à analyser les liens entre les paramètres climatiques et la prévalence des infections respiratoires aigües dans la commune de Natitingou. La méthode de recherche a consisté en la collecte des données, à leur traitement et à l'analyse des résultats. Les données collectées concernent la température, les hauteurs de pluie et l’humidité relative ainsi que les données épidémiologiques sur les IRA dans les DDSP Atacora-Donga sur la période 2005-2014. Les données socio-économiques ont été collectées sur un échantillon de 255 personnes. Le traitement des données a consisté en l'analyse des données épidémiologiques dans leur relation avec les paramètres climatiques (corrélation de Pearson) et les composantes environnementales. Le profil épidémiologique de Natitingou place les IRA à 9 955 cas d’IRA au moment de l’enquête. Il s’établit également une différenciation nette entre saison pluvieuse et saison sèche : 718 cas en novembre, contre 389 cas en avril en fin de saison sèche. A 43 % d’humidité relative en mars, on enregistre 525 cas d’IRA qui évoluent jusqu’à plus de 718 cas en octobre où le taux d’humidité relative est d’environ 73 %. La corrélation de Pearson entre IRA et les paramètres climatologiques révèle une corrélation positive mais faible des IRA avec la pluie (r = 0,12) ce qui traduit que le rythme saisonnier des IRA n’est pas forcément lié à la pluviométrie. Par ailleurs, la corrélation IRA et humidité (r = 0,07), IRA et température (r = 0,15) et une forte corrélation (r = 0,73) avec la vitesse du vent. Ces valeurs montrent que les paramètres climatiques ne sont pas les seuls facteurs responsables des IRA. D'autres facteurs comme la poussière, un environnement mal aéré, l'absence d'arrosage de la cours des maisons avant le balayage contribuent aussi à la prévalence des IRA dans le secteur d'étude. Pour réduire leur exposition aux IRA, 25 % de la population de la commune de Natitingou utilisent les méthodes préventives telles que l'aération des maisons, le port des vêtements pour lutter contre le froid, l'arrosage de la cours des maisons, etc, et quand la maladie est déjà présente, elles ont recours aux soins de santé et à la phytothérapie traditionnelle.

In the study of consumer’s behaviour we find that, starting from Marshall to Hicks, everybody assumes that the consumer will behave rationally. In other words behaviour of an individual consumer must satisfy a regularity which can be explained logically. They have based their logic in the form of utility maximization. That means an individual consumer is motivated to maximize his/her utility and his/her every purchase decision is based on the principle of utility maximization. Therefore utility maximizing behaviour is treated as rational behaviour to Marshall and Hicks. Such straight forward correspondence between rationality and utility maximization is regarded as core of the analysis of consumer’s behaviour. Even Samuelson’s Revealed Preference Theory implicitly considers that a commodity bundle is chosen by an individual consumer as it yields maximum utility to him/her. All the conventional approaches to the theory of consumer’s behaviour assume that consumer is synonymous to buyer. All of them identified consumer as a buyer and no consumer faces the problem of indivisibility in respect of their consumption. With this back ground in mind our present paper seeks to explore whether the concept of rationality is confined only within utility maximization or it has a wider connotation. . Section-I of this paper contains Introduction. Section-II deals with Analytical framework and Section-III contains Analysis of the problem. Section IV is devoted to Findings and Conclusion

The paper analyzes the issue of domestic violence, both from the perspective of evaluation and from the perspective of developing intervention strategies, violence is a phenomenon of great interest at present, even if in many cultural models, especially traditional, is or has been long hidden or ignored. Family violence, with complex forms of manifestation, is established today in a social problem that captures the interest of both the population and the social and political actors invoked in developing and implementing long-term strategies that, if they cannot stop, at leastthey can provide prevention and intervention programs, adequate to the consequences of the phenomenon. Social insecurity, poverty, job instability, the impact of the media intervene with an undoubted vocation for cultivating aggressive models of social behavior. All this is correlated with the significant inertia of traditional models of family coexistence that polarize male power and control, favoring a relaxed attitude towards alcohol abuse, common in certain areas and socio-cultural environments, to which is added the influence of new sources of attraction and disruption of gender relations, drug addiction, value confusion and deviations of sexual and relational behavior is a fertile matrix for physical, psychological, moral, relational and economic abuse of a significant part of the population.

Background: Infertility is one of the important and major problems in reproductive health. One of the major problems that concomitants with infertility is depression. Various factors play a role in causing depression. Infertility affects the emotional, mental, and physical aspects of the couples’ health . Apart from all these problems the couples trying to conceive also face many financial challenges, as the treatment may involve expensive drugs and procedures. Objectives: To assess the depression amongst the infertile women attending outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: The current study is a Cross-sectional descriptive study and the prevalence of depression was assessed by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Scale. Results: In the present study majority of the participants i.e. 44% belonged to the age group of 31-35 years, followed by the age group of 26-30 years which was 32%, 14% of the participants belonged to the 18-25 years age group and 10% belonged to the age group of more than 35 years. In the present study, the mean age of study participants increased as the severity of the depression increased. Women with the higher age group had severe depression, although it was not statistically significant. As the duration of the married life increased the severity of the depression also increased, this was statistically significant with a p-value of less than 0. 001. As the Infertility duration in years increased the severity of the depression increased, this was statistically significant with a p-value of less than 0.001.

Intestinal malrotation is regarded as a pediatric disease with presentation in adulthood being rare leading to delay in diagnosis. A high index of clinical suspicion is required to consider this in patients presenting with recurrent colicky abdominal pain and vomiting. We present a case of a 22 year old lady with acute abdomen since 3 days with a history of recurrent symptoms for past 2 months. Contrast enhanced Computed Tomography revealed a typical whirlpool sign. Intraoperative finding revealed a midgut volvulus with small bowel loops situated in the right half of abdomen and cecum with ascending colon not fixed in the right lower quadrant. Surgery is the mainstay in the management with minimal long term complications.

Objective: To evaluate the occurrence, clinical course & outcome of olfactory & taste dysfunction in patients with laboratory confirmed positive patients. Method: This is prospective cross sectional study of patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease infection by real time polymerase chain reaction over 6 months. The clinical outcomes studied were: age, sex, general symptoms, olfactory & taste dysfunction. Result: A total of 500 COVID 19 positive patients were included in study, with 300 males & 200 females. 200 patients were reported chemosensory dysfunction, of which 150 patients reported both olfactory & taste dysfunction. Olfactory & taste dysfunction proportionally more common in females than males.

This review gives an updated overview on keratinocyte transplantation in burn wounds concentrating on application methods and future therapeutic cell delivery options with a special interest in hydrogels and spray devices for cell delivery. To achieve faster re-epithelialization of burn wounds, the original autologous keratinocyte culture and transplantation technique was introduced over 3 decades ago. Application types of keratinocytes transplantation have improved from cell sheets to single-cell solutions delivered with a spray system. However, further enhancement of cell culture, cell viability and function in vivo, cell carrier and cell delivery systems remain themes of interest. Hydrogels such as chitosan, alginate, fibrin and collagen are frequently used in burn wound care and have advantageous characteristics as cell carriers. Future approaches of keratinocyte transplantation involve spray devices, but optimization of application technique and carrier type is necessary.

Assessment and evaluation are key aspects of teaching and instruction, which serve to promote learning through better planning. Writing as an integral component of literacy, deals with convention and purpose – essentials that need to be incorporated in children to develop them into quality writers. writing evaluation has been catered on holistic grounds for much of the time however, for novice and challenged writers some analytical criterion has been proposed in literature. The present study was designed to find out the impact of Activity based instructions in improving the prewriting skills among children with profound hearing loss at pre-primary level. The present study will address the impact of activity-based instructions by using Auditory, visual and Motor activities. Learning effectiveness was evaluated by comparing its results with traditional methods. The hypothesis was raised and field validated questionnaire was used as data collection instrument. The study was conducted in five sessions by using activity-based instruction. The pre and post test results appears to be a favorable progress in learning. Significance difference was found in the mean scores in achievements in literacy skills between pre and posttests. The main scores of post test scores are higher than the pretest. The activity-based instructions are more effective than the conventional method. It was recommended that teachers should use this method effectively at preschool level.

As curricula are transformed throughout the world in response to the need for modern teacher education, much attention is given to curriculum content and associated teaching, learning and assessment methodologies. However, an important component of any curriculum is its organisational management, how it is all held together, the way the process is conducted and what mechanisms are applied to ensure quality. Curriculum is the essential ingredient of any education system regardless of the education level. All other aspects whether teaching, learning and evaluation or research and development, infrastructure and learning resources, student activities and support system revolve around it. Therefore, curricular-aspects and the best practices connected to curriculum design and development play a very significant dimension of the quality of teacher education since the curriculum has a decisive role in steering the other elements of quality.Reviewing and updating of the curriculum is the essential ingredient of any vibrant academic system. There aught to be a dynamic curriculum with necessary additions and changes introduced in it from time to time by the respective university with a prime objective to maintain updated curriculum and also providing their inputs to take care of fast paced development in the knowledge of the subject concerned. Designing of the curriculum to suit the clientele is important. Revising the curriculum should be a continuous process to provide an updated education to the students at large. The present research falls under the purview of quantitative research and hence quantitative methods, such as data collection, analysis, comparison, tabulation and illustration, are used. Among 48 randomly selected colleges of education, I received replies from 19 colleges of education only, and the same data are taken for granted for analysis.

Background: Cell phones have become an integral part of our daily lives. Several studies have shown that non-thermal electromagnetic radiation, such as that generated by mobile phones, may have a physical effect on target cells or tissues, including the embryo. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of mobile phone use on FHR trace and umbilical artery Doppler as an indicators for fetal surveillance. Patients and methods: This study was conducted in Alzahraa university hospital from May 2019 to December 2019, one hundred seventy five low risk pregnant women, 32-40 weeks in gestation. First all participants were instructed not to use their mobile phone for 24 hours prior to the initial CTG trace and Doppler ultrasound. They were then assessed twice for both the CTG non-stress test and umbiliical artery Doppler. First measure was performed for the subjects prior to use their cellular phone, and the second measure was repeated 5 min after hanging up their mobile phones which lasting in dialing modes for 10 min. The recorded fetal heart rate (FHR) strips and umbilical artery Doppler findings, before and after mobile phone use collected and statistically analyzed. With concerns and comments on CTG parameters in terms of, baseline fetal FHR, acceleration, deceleration and beat to beat variability with using score for each of them. Results: There was insignificant decrease in mean score of basal FHR in women after mobile phone, 3.13±0.76 compared to before mobile phone use, 3.25±0.63, with p,>0.05..Howover, there was statistically significant decrease in mean acceleration and variability score in women after mobile phone, versus before mobile use, 1.37±0.51versus 1.64±0.61, p value <0.001and 2.30±0.66 compared to 2.51±0.54, p-value<0.05) respectively. There was no deceleration found in both occasions. Regarding umbilical artery blood flow findings, there was no statistically significant difference of PI in women after and before mobile phone use, p-value (>0.05).While there was statistically significant increase mean of RI and S/D ratio in women after mobile phone, (0.57±0.08 and 2.39±0.28 respectively) compared to those before mobile phone use, (0.55±0.14 and 2.29±0.53 respectively) with p-value (<0.05). Conclusion: Evident from the current study, we concluded that the electromagnetic fields emitted from mobile phone influence the FHR patterns and fetal perfusion.

As supply chain management (SCM) concept has become more relevant to contemporary business, and its application to the industry grown rapidly since the start of year 2000, quite a large number of academic studies (both qualitative and quantitative methods) had been conducted in the field. The use of qualitative research methodology has been well established for data generation withing the field of business and management generally, and particularly, in supply chain management research. In social research, there have been the age long contending positions between both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Whereas the positivists’ school argued that the social world exists through objective research methods, the naturalists believe that reality exists inside the minds of the people, and qualitative method is the useful technique to explore their minds in other to understand them in their own real cultural and natural contexts. This paper reflects on how qualitative method was applied in a supply chain management research. Extensive literature on qualitative research approaches were reviewed and a detailed explanation of how the techniques were applied in a multiple case studies context was presented. The paper concludes with a view that the qualitative research approach, is a rigorous and reliable methodology that is compatible with the study of supply chain management which can lead to reliable and credible data that can produce a robust research outcome.

Quality in general is classified as a high level in any organization to maintain the vision and mission of the organization. Quality in healthcare is used to sustain the perfect level of the patient care to be a high level in safe, reasonable and effective manner. Moreover, Quality Management System (QMS) is a system which adopts and practices different quality techniques, tools, philosophy and theories strategies in healthcare to achieve the target quality performance. Therefore, the research will develop a simulation model using the system dynamics technique to frame, understanding, and discuss the success factors that improve the implementation of QMS at the healthcare organizations.