Table of Contents: Volume 16; Issue 04; April 2024

Background: The introduction of research oriented programmes into medical colleges fosters favourable attitude towards academically focused careers among undergraduate medical students. Early acquaintance with knowledge, perception and practice is associated with better critical thinking and lifelong learning. The present study was carried out to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of medical research among undergraduate students at a medical college in Haryana, India. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students of second, pre-final, final MBBS professional year and interns. A pre-designed, semi-structured, self-designed questionnaire in google form was used for data collection. Results: A total of 300 undergraduate students participated in the study. There was overall positive attitude (95.66%) of the undergraduate medical students towards scientific research. 37% of study subjects had satisfactory knowledge, 44.66% had fair knowledge and 18.33% had poor knowledge about the research. A small proportion (23%) of students had participated in workshops. Lack of time, inadequate research training, limited access to laboratory equipments and insufficient mentorship were the major obstacles faced by students in conducting medical research. Conclusion: Undergraduate students have positive attitude towards medical research and have adequate knowledge. Workshops and research facilities at the institution need to undergo major transfiguration in order to encourage meaningful research by medical students at undergraduate level.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD), a prevalent condition marked by enduring respiratory symptoms and airflow restrictions. Obstructions prevent the flow of expiratory air, which results in air being trapped causing hyperinflation. Since hyperinflation restricts the range of motion of the muscles, which leads to fatigue and stiffness, it raises stress in the respiratory muscles. Chest mobilization exercises are any exercises that combine active movements of the trunk or extremities with deep breathing. They are designed to maintain or improve mobility of the chest wall, trunk, and shoulder girdles when it affects ventilation or postural alignment. However, till date, the relationship between chest mobility and functional capacity remains unknown for COPD patients. Therefore this study focus on the effect of Chest mobility exercises on functional capacity and Rate of perceived exertion in COPD patients. Objective-To examine the effect of chest mobility exercises on RPE and functional capacity in COPD patients. Method: The study design was Pre and Post-test experimental study which consists of 40 participants with COPD was selected by convenient sampling. Chest mobility exercises were given for 1 week. Outcome Measures were six minute walk test and Modified Borg scale. Result: Pre-Intervention Value of 6MWD was 309.18±50.36 meters and Post Intervention 6MWD was 314.15±50.74 meters which shows significant improvement in 6MWD with p-value <0.0001. Pre-intervention Value of the Modified Borg scale was 4.22±1.52 and post-intervention was 3.22±1.59.this shows significant improvement in the rate of perceived exertion with p value <0.0001. Conclusion: This study concluded that chest mobility exercises improve 6MWD and the rate of perceived exertion in COPD patients.

Objective: The Aim of This study was to demonstrate the need for early and appropriate management of orbital cellulitis secondary to pansinusitis, in order to avoid serious functional and even life-threatening complications. Material and method: This was an observational case of a 17-year-old female patient with no known pathological history, admitted for left frontal swelling, palpebral edema, associated with bilateral periorbital erythema, more marked on the left. Hematological examination revealed an infectious and inflammatory syndrome: WBC 15.30 elements/mm3, CRP 69.40 mg/l, normal blood glucose 84.40 mg/dl. A CT scan of the orbitocranium, performed without injection of contrast medium in an emergency situation, showed pansunusitis associated with an abscess of the subcutaneous soft tissues opposite, and obstruction of the left maxillary sinus meatus and ostium. Under general anaesthesia, a 15 cm incision was made at the tail of the eyebrow, and the yellowish-coloured pus collection of around 200 cc was detached and drained. Medical treatment with antibiotics, corticosteroids, analgesics and antiseptics resulted in complete remission of the symptoms. Conclusion: Orbital cellulitis in young subjects is a rare condition, but it can lead to serious functional and vital complications. Urgent and effective treatment is therefore essential to avoid blindness or death.

Background: Despite the studies on government bond in Fiji, this is the first study providing a unique exploration of Fiji's green bonds, focusing exclusively on investors' viewpoints. It contributed novel insights into the motivations and decision-making processes of green bond investors, enriching the discourse on sustainable finance, especially in developing nations like Fiji. Objectives-The primary aim of this study was to explore the stability of green bond markets in Fiji comparison to term deposits offered by listed financial institutions. The specific objectives included evaluating the status of Fiji's green bonds and government debts, term deposits in listed financial institutions, exploring the prospects of green bonds, and providing recommendations for market share expansion. Methodology- A desk-based research approach was employed, combining descriptive analysis and future value simulation analysis (Dulock, 1993) (6). Data was sourced from empirical studies, websites, and annual reports, and analyzed using software such as SPSS and Microsoft Excel, with results presented through charts and graphs. Results - Indicated that domestic investors exhibited reluctance towards trading green bonds. To broaden the capital market, the research underscored the importance of smaller bond denominations, facilitating bond trading through domestic financial institutions, conducting extensive marketing campaigns, and enhancing financial literacy. The study also introduced innovative insights into potential investors' perspectives. Conclusion- The findings could assist stakeholders in devising effective strategies to attract potential green bond investors, while theoretically, the research made a valuable empirical contribution to the existing literature on green bonds.

Background: According to FOGSI -Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedure worldwide. However, in India six in every 100 women aged 30-49 have had a hysterectomy and the prevalence is about 11 per 100 women in the age group of 45-49 years, according to study in Reproductive Health journal. In order for the blessing of a mother to bear a child and deliver it, is a favor of God and removing the organ which bear child is a most difficult process for women feminine identity. The researcher aim is to assess and evaluate the effectiveness of care bundle given to hysterectomy women in terms of anxiety and post-operative complication. O bjectives of the study 1. To assess the level of anxiety and risk of post-operative complications (constipation and urinary tract infection) among women undergoing hysterectomy. 2. To evaluate the effectiveness of care bundles administered in experimental group as compare to control group. 3. To find out the association between level of anxiety and risk of post-operative complications with selected demographic variables. Methods: A Quasi experimental study enrolled 60 women undergoing hysterectomy, 30 in both experimental group and control group selected by purposively sampling techniques. Data was collected by using generalized anxiety disorder assessment, Kendall constipation assessment scale and Bristol urinary tract symptoms assessment scale. Pre-test and post-test were taken from both experimental group and control group, care bundles were given only to experimental group. Findings: The findings revealed that by giving care bundles to experimental group, reduces the anxiety and prevent the complication of hysterectomy confirmed by unpaired “t” test (t = 48.1 and p = < 0.001%) level for anxiety, (t=37.4and p = < 0.001%) for constipation, (t= 35.5and p = < 0.001%) for urinary tract infection. Discussion: The study showed that women who received the care bundle are having less complications as compared to the women who didn’t receive care bundles. These results are significant associated with pre-test of complications where women have received the care bundles postoperatively. Conclusion: There was a marked improvement in level of anxiety and early recovery in post-operative colony phase for patients’ security care bundles. Binder and post-operative complications in experimental group. The use of care bundles on experimental group of hysterectomy women was significantly higher than control group.